Winter Kathleen, Glaser Carol, Watt James, Harriman Kathleen
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014 Dec 5;63(48):1129-32.
On June 13, 2014, the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) declared that a pertussis epidemic was occurring in the state when reported incidence was more than five times greater than baseline levels. The incidence of pertussis in the United States is cyclical, with peaks every 3-5 years, as the number of susceptible persons in the population increases. The last pertussis epidemic in California occurred in 2010, when approximately 9,000 cases were reported, including 808 hospitalizations and 10 infant deaths, for a statewide incidence of 24.6 cases per 100,000 population. During January 1-November 26, 2014, a total of 9,935 cases of pertussis with onset in 2014 were reported to CDPH, for a statewide incidence of 26.0 cases per 100,000. CDPH is working closely with local health departments to prioritize public health activities, with the primary goal of preventing severe cases of pertussis, which typically occurs in infants. All prenatal care providers are being encouraged to provide tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) to pregnant women during each pregnancy, ideally at 27-36 weeks' gestation, as is recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), or refer patients to an alternative provider, such as a pharmacy or local public health department, to receive Tdap.
2014年6月13日，加利福尼亚州公共卫生部（CDPH）宣布该州正在发生百日咳疫情，当时报告的发病率比基线水平高出五倍多。美国百日咳的发病率呈周期性，每3至5年出现一次高峰，因为人群中易感人群的数量增加。加利福尼亚州上一次百日咳疫情发生在2010年，当时报告了约9000例病例，包括808例住院病例和10例婴儿死亡病例，全州发病率为每10万人24.6例。在2014年1月1日至11月26日期间，CDPH共收到9935例2014年发病的百日咳病例报告，全州发病率为每10万人26.0例。CDPH正在与当地卫生部门密切合作，对公共卫生活动进行优先排序，主要目标是预防通常发生在婴儿身上的重症百日咳病例。所有产前护理提供者都被鼓励在每次怀孕时为孕妇提供破伤风、白喉和无细胞百日咳疫苗（Tdap），理想情况下是在妊娠27至36周时，这是免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）的建议，或者将患者转介给其他提供者，如药房或当地公共卫生部门，以接种Tdap。
