School of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, Level 3, Building 505, 85 Park Road, Grafton, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand.
School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Building 505, 85 Park Road, Grafton, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Feb 12;24(1):447. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-17865-8.
Vaccine hesitancy is a significant threat to global health. A key part of addressing hesitancy is to ensure that public health messaging prioritises information that is considered important to the public. This study aimed to examine how different vaccine characteristics affect public preferences for vaccines in New Zealand, what trade-offs they are willing to make between different vaccine characteristics, and how their preferences are affected by their vaccine-related conspiracy beliefs and COVID-19 vaccination status.
An online discrete choice experiment (DCE) was designed to elicit individual preferences about vaccines using the 1000minds platform. Members of the general population of New Zealand aged ≥ 18 years were invited to complete the DCE. Participants were asked to indicate their preference between two options showing different combinations of vaccine characteristics. Data on sociodemographic characteristics were collected. Beliefs were measured using the vaccine conspiracy beliefs scale (VCBS) with scores ≥ 19 indicating strong vaccine-related conspiracy beliefs. The DCE was analysed using the PAPRIKA method (Potentially All Pairwise RanKings of all possible Alternatives) and preferences compared between respondents with high versus low VCBS scores and vaccinated versus unvaccinated respondents for COVID-19.
A total of 611 respondents from 15 regions completed the DCE. Mean (SD) age was 45.9 (14.7) years with most having had 2 or more doses of the coronavirus vaccine (86%). Mean (SD) VCBS score was 18.5 (12.4) indicating moderate vaccine-related conspiracy beliefs. Risk of severe adverse effects was the most highly valued vaccine characteristic, followed by vaccine effectiveness and duration of protection. Vaccine origin and route of administration were ranked least important. Respondents scoring high on the VCBS placed less value on the effectiveness of vaccines but greater value on development time and total number of doses (p < 0.001). COVID-19 unvaccinated respondents ranked development time and total number of doses more highly than those vaccinated respondents (p < 0.001).
Risk of severe adverse effects, vaccine effectiveness and duration of protection were rated by the New Zealand public as the top three most important vaccine characteristics. This information is important for informing public health messaging to promote vaccine uptake and inform vaccine decision-making.
疫苗犹豫是全球健康的重大威胁。解决犹豫的一个关键部分是确保公共卫生信息优先考虑公众认为重要的信息。本研究旨在探讨不同疫苗特性如何影响新西兰公众对疫苗的偏好，他们愿意在不同疫苗特性之间做出哪些权衡，以及他们的偏好如何受到与疫苗相关的阴谋信念和 COVID-19 疫苗接种状况的影响。
使用 1000minds 平台设计了在线离散选择实验 (DCE) 来引出个体对疫苗的偏好。邀请新西兰年龄≥18 岁的一般人群完成 DCE。参与者被要求在两种选项之间选择，这两种选项显示了不同的疫苗特性组合。收集了社会人口统计学特征的数据。使用疫苗阴谋信念量表 (VCBS) 测量信念，得分≥19 表示强烈的与疫苗相关的阴谋信念。使用 PAPRIKA 方法（所有可能替代方案的潜在所有成对排名）分析 DCE，并比较 VCBS 得分高与低的受访者以及 COVID-19 疫苗接种与未接种的受访者之间的偏好。
共有来自 15 个地区的 611 名受访者完成了 DCE。平均（SD）年龄为 45.9（14.7）岁，大多数人接种了 2 剂或更多剂冠状病毒疫苗（86%）。平均（SD）VCBS 得分为 18.5（12.4），表明与疫苗相关的阴谋信念中等。严重不良影响的风险是最受重视的疫苗特征，其次是疫苗有效性和保护持续时间。疫苗来源和给药途径的排名最低。VCBS 得分高的受访者对疫苗的有效性重视程度较低，但对开发时间和总剂量重视程度较高（p<0.001）。COVID-19 未接种疫苗的受访者对开发时间和总剂量的评价高于接种疫苗的受访者（p<0.001）。
严重不良影响的风险、疫苗有效性和保护持续时间被新西兰公众评为前三大最重要的疫苗特征。这些信息对于告知公共卫生信息以促进疫苗接种和告知疫苗决策很重要。
