Waldum Emily R, Dufault Carolyn L, McDaniel Mark A
Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA
Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA.
J Appl Gerontol. 2016 Nov;35(11):1211-1234. doi: 10.1177/0733464814559418. Epub 2014 Dec 4.
Prospective memory (PM) tasks are those that must be performed in the future (e.g., attend an appointment). While these everyday tasks can be especially relevant for older adults (i.e., medication adherence), and have been associated with age-related decline, PM has been virtually overlooked in the cognitive training domain. This article describes the first comprehensive PM training intervention. Older adults (age 55 to 75) who received training completed 8 weekly PM training sessions that consisted of variable PM training tasks, strategy-focused discussion, and homework assignments. Those assigned to a control group completed only the first and last training task. On both a real-world proxy PM transfer task and the training tasks detailed here, there was a positive impact of PM training, suggesting practical benefits of the current training package for older adults. Benefits may also extend to other special populations who experience PM impairments (e.g., traumatic brain injury [TBI], Parkinson's).
前瞻性记忆（PM）任务是指那些必须在未来执行的任务（例如，参加预约）。虽然这些日常任务对老年人尤其重要（即药物依从性），并且与年龄相关的衰退有关，但在认知训练领域，前瞻性记忆实际上一直被忽视。本文描述了首次全面的前瞻性记忆训练干预。接受训练的老年人（年龄在55至75岁之间）完成了为期8周的前瞻性记忆训练课程，其中包括各种前瞻性记忆训练任务、以策略为重点的讨论和家庭作业。被分配到对照组的人只完成了第一个和最后一个训练任务。在一个现实世界的前瞻性记忆转移任务和此处详细介绍的训练任务中，前瞻性记忆训练都产生了积极影响，这表明当前的训练方案对老年人具有实际益处。这些益处可能也适用于其他患有前瞻性记忆障碍的特殊人群（例如，创伤性脑损伤 [TBI]、帕金森病患者）。
