Lolokote Sainyugu, Hidru Tesfaldet Habtemariam, Li Xiaofeng
School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
BMC Public Health. 2017 May 19;17(1):478. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4411-8.
An unhealthy lifestyle of college students is an important public health concern, but few studies have been undertaken to examine the role of socio-cultural differences.
For this cross-sectional comparative study, data on college students' health-promoting lifestyles (HPL), as measured using the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP-II) scale, and self-rated health status (SRH) as measured by Sub-Optimal Health Measurement Scale (SHMS V1.0) were collected from 829 college students.
The sample of 829 college students included 504 (60.8%) Chinese and 325 (39.2%) international students. Chinese students had higher scores in overall health-promoting lifestyle (HPL) (P < 0.001, eta squared =0.113) and in all the six subclasses than their international counterparts. In relation to health status evaluation, the two groups varied in physiological health (P < 0.001, eta squared = 0.095) and social health (P = 0.020, eta squared = 0.007) but there was no significant difference in psychological health subscale (P = 0.156, eta squared = 0.002). HPL was predicted by financial status among the Chinese group and by student's major, age and level of education in the international group. Body mass index (BMI) and financial status emerged as predictors of the three subscales of SHMS V1.0 in the Chinese group and also of physiological and psychological subscales in the international group. Gender was associated with psychological health in both groups. Smoking status was a predictor of psychological health in both groups and also of social health in the international group. The level of education emerged as a predictor of social health in the international group. Regression analyses revealed a significant association between health status and healthy lifestyle (P < 0.001). In reference to participants with "excellent" lifestyle, participants with moderate lifestyle were at a 4.5 times higher risk of developing suboptimal health status (SHS) (OR: 4.5,95% CI:2.2-9.99) and those with a 'general' lifestyle were at a 3.2 times higher risk SHS (OR: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.5-7.18). Good and moderate HPLP-II levels of nutrition are associated with low risk of suboptimal health status (OR: 0,41 and 0,25, respectively). Participants in good and moderate HPLP-II levels of interpersonal relations are associated with higher risk of suboptimal health (OR:2,7 and 3,01 respectively) than those in excellent levels of HPLP-II.
Collectively, these findings provide a convincing body of evidence to support the role of socio-cultural factors as key determinants of the HPL and SRH of college students.
大学生不健康的生活方式是一个重要的公共卫生问题，但很少有研究探讨社会文化差异在其中的作用。
在这项横断面比较研究中，我们使用健康促进生活方式量表（HPLP-II）收集了829名大学生的健康促进生活方式（HPL）数据，并使用亚健康测量量表（SHMS V1.0）收集了他们的自评健康状况（SRH）数据。
829名大学生样本中，有504名（60.8%）中国学生和325名（39.2%）国际学生。中国学生在总体健康促进生活方式（HPL）方面以及所有六个子类别的得分均高于国际学生（P < 0.001，偏 eta 平方 = 0.113）。在健康状况评估方面，两组在生理健康（P < 0.001，偏 eta 平方 = 0.095）和社会健康（P = 0.020，偏 eta 平方 = 0.007）方面存在差异，但在心理健康子量表方面没有显著差异（P = 0.156，偏 eta 平方 = 0.002）。在中国学生组中，HPL 由财务状况预测；在国际学生组中，HPL 由学生专业、年龄和教育水平预测。体重指数（BMI）和财务状况在中国学生组中是 SHMS V1.0 三个子量表的预测因素，在国际学生组中也是生理和心理子量表的预测因素。性别与两组的心理健康都有关联。吸烟状况是两组心理健康的预测因素，也是国际学生组社会健康的预测因素。教育水平是国际学生组社会健康的预测因素。回归分析显示健康状况与健康生活方式之间存在显著关联（P < 0.001）。与生活方式“优秀”的参与者相比，生活方式“中等”的参与者出现亚健康状况（SHS）的风险高4.5倍（OR：4.5，95% CI：2.2 - 9.99），生活方式“一般”的参与者出现SHS的风险高3.2倍（OR：3.2，95% CI：1.5 - 7.18）。HPLP-II营养水平良好和中等与亚健康状况低风险相关（分别为OR：0.41和0.25）。HPLP-II人际关系水平良好和中等的参与者出现亚健康的风险高于HPLP-II水平优秀的参与者（分别为OR：2.7和3.01）。
总体而言，这些发现提供了令人信服的证据，支持社会文化因素作为大学生HPL和SRH关键决定因素的作用。
