Quach Thu, Von Behren Julie, Goldberg Debbie, Layefsky Michael, Reynolds Peggy
Cancer Prevention Institute of California, 2001 Center Street, Suite 700, Berkeley, CA, 94704, USA.
Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2015 Oct;88(7):823-33. doi: 10.1007/s00420-014-1011-0. Epub 2014 Dec 14.
Due to concerns around occupational chemical exposures, this study sought to examine whether women working as cosmetologists (providing hair and nail care services) and manicurists (providing only nail care services) have an elevated risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
In this population-based retrospective study of cosmetologists and manicurists in California, we linked cosmetology licensee and birth registry files to identify births during 1996-2009. We compared outcomes among cosmetologists and manicurists to those of the general female population and to women from other industries. We also conducted restricted analyses for Vietnamese women, who comprise a significant proportion of the workforce.
There was little evidence of increased risk for adverse birth outcomes, but we observed an association for small for gestational age (SGA) among Vietnamese manicurists (OR 1.39; 95 % CI 1.08-1.78) and cosmetologists (OR 1.40; 95 % CI 1.08-1.83) when compared to other working women. Some maternal complications were observed, notably an increased risk for gestational diabetes (OR 1.28; 95 % CI 1.10-1.50 for manicurists; OR 1.19; 95 % CI 1.07-1.33 for cosmetologists) compared with the general population, which further elevated when restricted to Vietnamese workers (OR 1.59; 95 % CI 1.20-2.11 for manicurists; OR 1.49; 95 % CI 1.04-2.11 for cosmetologists). Additionally, we observed an association for placentia previa among manicurists (OR 1.46; 95 % CI 1.08-1.97) and cosmetologists (OR 1.22; 95 % CI 1.02-1.46) compared with the general population.
Women in the nail and hair care industry may be potentially at increased risk for some maternal complications, although further research is warranted. Vietnamese workers may also have increased risk for SGA.
鉴于对职业化学暴露的担忧，本研究旨在调查从事美容师（提供头发和指甲护理服务）和美甲师（仅提供指甲护理服务）工作的女性出现不良妊娠结局的风险是否升高。
在这项基于人群的加利福尼亚美容师和美甲师回顾性研究中，我们将美容师执照持有者和出生登记档案相链接，以识别1996年至2009年期间的出生情况。我们将美容师和美甲师的结局与一般女性人群以及其他行业女性的结局进行了比较。我们还对占劳动力很大比例的越南女性进行了限定分析。
几乎没有证据表明不良出生结局的风险增加，但与其他职业女性相比，我们观察到越南美甲师（比值比1.39；95%置信区间1.08 - 1.78）和美容师（比值比1.40；95%置信区间1.08 - 1.83）中存在小于胎龄儿（SGA）的关联。观察到一些孕产妇并发症，特别是与一般人群相比，妊娠糖尿病风险增加（美甲师比值比1.28；95%置信区间1.10 - 1.50；美容师比值比1.19；95%置信区间1.07 - 1.33），在限定为越南工人时风险进一步升高（美甲师比值比1.59；95%置信区间1.20 - 2.11；美容师比值比1.49；95%置信区间1.04 - 2.11）。此外，与一般人群相比，我们观察到美甲师（比值比1.46；95%置信区间1.08 - 1.97）和美容师（比值比1.22；95%置信区间1.02 - 1.46）中存在前置胎盘的关联。
美甲和美发行业的女性可能存在某些孕产妇并发症的潜在风险增加，尽管有必要进行进一步研究。越南工人出现小于胎龄儿的风险也可能增加。
