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中国泸州不同功能区居民的噪声监测与健康不良影响

Noise monitoring and adverse health effects in residents in different functional areas of Luzhou, China.

作者信息

Han Zhi-Xia, Lei Zhang-Heng, Zhang Chun-Lian, Xiong Wei, Gan Zhong-Lin, Hu Ping, Zhang Qing-Bi

机构信息

Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, China.

Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, China

出版信息

Asia Pac J Public Health. 2015 Mar;27(2 Suppl):93S-9S. doi: 10.1177/1010539514560056. Epub 2014 Dec 12.

DOI:10.1177/1010539514560056
PMID:25504115
Abstract

The purpose of the study was to investigate the noise pollution situation and the resulting adverse effect on residents' health in Luzhou, China, to provide data for noise pollution prevention policies and interventions. Four different functional areas (commercial, construction, residential, and transportation hub areas) were chosen to monitor noise level for 3 months. The survey was performed by questionnaire on the spot on randomly selected individuals; it collected data on the impact of noise on residents' health (quality of sleep, high blood pressure, subjective feeling of nervous system damage, and attention) as well as the knowledge of noise-induced health damage, the degree of adaptation to noise, and their solutions. The noise levels of residential, commercial, transportation, and construction areas exceeded the national standards (P < .001). Sleep quality, prevalence of hypertension, and attention in transportation hub areas were significantly different from those in the other 3 areas (P < .05); only 24.46% of people knew the health hazards associated with noise; 64.57% of residents have adapted to the current noise environment. Most of them have to close the doors and windows to reduce noise. The noise pollution situation in Luzhou, China, is serious, especially the traffic noise pollution. Residents pay less attention to it and adopt single measures to reduce the noise. We should work toward the prevention and control of traffic noise and improve the residents' awareness to reduce the adverse health effects of noise.

摘要

本研究旨在调查中国泸州的噪声污染状况及其对居民健康产生的不利影响,为噪声污染防治政策和干预措施提供数据。选取了四个不同功能区(商业区、施工区、居民区和交通枢纽区)进行为期3个月的噪声水平监测。通过对随机选取的个体进行现场问卷调查开展此项调查;收集了噪声对居民健康的影响(睡眠质量、高血压、神经系统损伤主观感受和注意力)以及噪声所致健康损害的知识、对噪声的适应程度及其解决办法等数据。居民区、商业区、交通区和施工区的噪声水平均超过国家标准(P <.001)。交通枢纽区的睡眠质量、高血压患病率和注意力与其他三个区有显著差异(P <.05);只有24.46%的人知晓噪声对健康的危害;64.57%的居民已适应目前的噪声环境。他们中的大多数人不得不关闭门窗以减少噪声。中国泸州的噪声污染状况严重,尤其是交通噪声污染。居民对此关注度较低,且采取的降噪措施单一。我们应致力于交通噪声的防治,并提高居民意识,以减少噪声对健康的不利影响。

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