Sørensen Erik Elgaard, Olsen Ida Østrup, Tewes Marianne, Uhrenfeldt Lisbeth
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark ; Clinical Nursing Research Unit, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
BMC Nurs. 2014 Dec 9;13(1):45. doi: 10.1186/s12912-014-0045-7. eCollection 2014.
In recent years, perioperative nursing has received ongoing attention as part of an interprofessional collaboration. Perioperative nursing is constantly faced with new challenges and opportunities that necessitate continual updates of nursing knowledge and technical skills. In light of the longstanding relationship between nursing and technology, it is interesting that few studies with this focus have been performed. Therefore, our research question was: What is the content of perioperative nursing and how do nurses facilitate the interaction between nursing care and technology in highly specialized operating rooms in public university hospitals?
An ethnography involving participant observations and interviews was conducted during a 9-month study period. The participants comprised 24 nurses from 9 different operating wards at 2 university hospitals in different regions of Denmark.
Patients were addressed as either human beings or objects. Likewise, the participants' technical skills were observed and described as either technical flair or a lack of technical skills/technophobia. The different ways in which the technical skills were handled and the different ways in which the patients were viewed contributed to the development of three levels of interaction between technology and nursing care: the interaction, declining interaction, and failing interaction levels.
Nursing practice at the interaction level is characterized by flexibility and excellence, while practice at the declining interaction level is characterized by inflexibility and rigidity. Nursing practice at the failing interaction level is characterized by staff members working in isolation with limited collaboration with other staff members in operating rooms. Considering that the declining and failing interaction levels are characterized by inflexibility, rigidity, and isolation in nursing practice, nurses at these two levels must develop and improve their qualifications to reach a level of flexible, excellent interaction. Nurse leaders must therefore refocus their skills on proficiency in perioperative nursing.
近年来，围手术期护理作为跨专业协作的一部分受到持续关注。围手术期护理不断面临新的挑战和机遇，这就需要不断更新护理知识和技术技能。鉴于护理与技术之间的长期关系，令人感兴趣的是，很少有针对这一重点的研究。因此，我们的研究问题是：在公立大学医院的高度专业化手术室中，围手术期护理的内容是什么，护士如何促进护理与技术之间的互动？
在为期9个月的研究期间进行了一项包括参与观察和访谈的人种志研究。参与者包括来自丹麦不同地区2所大学医院9个不同手术科室的24名护士。
患者被视为“人”或“物品”。同样，观察到参与者的技术技能并将其描述为有技术天赋或缺乏技术技能/技术恐惧症。处理技术技能的不同方式以及看待患者的不同方式促成了技术与护理之间三个互动层次的发展：互动层次、互动减少层次和互动失败层次。
互动层次的护理实践特点是灵活性和卓越性，而互动减少层次的护理实践特点是缺乏灵活性和僵化。互动失败层次的护理实践特点是工作人员孤立工作，与手术室其他工作人员的协作有限。鉴于互动减少和互动失败层次的护理实践特点是缺乏灵活性、僵化和孤立，处于这两个层次中的护士必须提升和改进自身资质，以达到灵活、卓越的互动水平。因此，护士长必须将技能重点重新放在围手术期护理的精通上。
