Kyeyagalire Robert, Tempia Stefano, Cohen Adam L, Smith Adrian D, McAnerney Johanna M, Dermaux-Msimang Veerle, Cohen Cheryl
Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
BMC Infect Dis. 2014 Dec 16;14:694. doi: 10.1186/s12879-014-0694-x.
Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection are common causes of lower respiratory tract illness. Data on their burden in low and middle-income settings and from Africa are scarce. We aimed to estimate age-specific rates of hospitalization attributable to influenza and RSV among patients attending private hospitals in South Africa during 2007-2012.
We estimated annual age-specific rates of influenza- and RSV-associated hospitalization (that is respiratory hospitalizations likely due to influenza or RSV infection) by applying regression models to monthly administrative hospitalization data from a national private hospital group, using influenza and RSV surveillance data as covariates.
Estimated mean hospitalization rates associated with seasonal influenza were 75 (95% confidence interval (CI), 41-108) and 3 (95% CI, 2-5) per 100,000 person-years for all-respiratory and all-circulatory causes, respectively. Children <1 year and adults ≥75 years were the most affected, with influenza-associated all-respiratory hospitalization rates estimated at 255 (95% CI, 143-358) and 380 (95% CI, 227-506) per 100,000 person-years, respectively. Excess all-circulatory hospitalizations associated with seasonal influenza were only observed in adults ≥65 years. Annual hospitalization rates associated with RSV averaged an estimate of 223 (95% CI, 128-317) per 100,000 person-years for all-respiratory causes. Among children <1 year, RSV-associated all-respiratory hospitalization rate of 7,601 (95% CI, 4,312-10,817) per 100,000 person-years was estimated.
Influenza and RSV substantially contributed to hospitalizations over the study period.
流感和呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）感染是下呼吸道疾病的常见病因。关于它们在低收入和中等收入地区以及非洲的疾病负担数据稀缺。我们旨在估算2007 - 2012年期间南非私立医院就诊患者中因流感和RSV导致的特定年龄住院率。
我们通过将回归模型应用于一个全国私立医院集团的月度行政住院数据，以流感和RSV监测数据作为协变量，估算每年因流感和RSV相关的住院率（即可能因流感或RSV感染导致的呼吸道住院率）。
对于所有呼吸道和所有循环系统病因，与季节性流感相关的估计平均住院率分别为每10万人年75例（95%置信区间（CI），41 - 108）和3例（95% CI，2 - 5）。1岁以下儿童和75岁及以上成年人受影响最大，流感相关的所有呼吸道住院率估计分别为每10万人年255例（95% CI，143 - 358）和380例（95% CI，227 - 506）。与季节性流感相关的额外所有循环系统住院仅在65岁及以上成年人中观察到。对于所有呼吸道病因，与RSV相关的年住院率平均估计为每10万人年223例（95% CI，128 - 317）。在1岁以下儿童中，估计RSV相关的所有呼吸道住院率为每10万人年7601例（95% CI，4312 - 10817）。
在研究期间，流感和RSV是导致住院的主要原因。
