Gopinath Bamini, Flood Victoria M, Burlutsky George, Louie Jimmy Cy, Baur Louise A, Mitchell Paul
Centre for Vision Research, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Hawkesbury Rd, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2014;23(4):612-8. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.2014.23.4.05.
We aimed to prospectively assess dairy intake among adolescents, and determine the predictors of adequate dairy consumption during adolescence. 634 Sydney schoolchildren (351 girls and 283 boys) who had dietary data at both age 12 and 17 were included for analyses. Dairy consumption was assessed from validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires. At age 12, mean total dairy intake was 1.62 serves/day which decreased to 1.40 by age 17 (p<0.0001). Mean serves/day of milk decreased from 1.11 to 0.92 during adolescence. Moreover, 90% of the decrease in serves/day of total dairy was due to reduced milk consumption. At age 12, 8.5% of children consumed >=3.5 serves/day of total dairy and this decreased to 6.2%, 5 years later at age 17 (p=0.001). A lower proportion of girls compared with boys consumed >=3 serves/day of total dairy at both ages 12 (p=0.005) and 17 (p=0.01). Participants with tertiary qualified parents at baseline were 85% more likely to have intakes of the dairy food group above the median during the 5 years, OR 1.85 (95% CI 1.18-2.91). Frequent flavored milk consumption (>=2 serves/week) at baseline was associated with ~5-fold greater likelihood of maintaining intakes of dairy foods above the median during adolescence. Dairy food consumption decreased significantly during adolescence, driven primarily by a decrease in milk consumption. Most adolescents did not meet national recommended guidelines for the dairy food group intake. These findings highlight the need for further research into intervention strategies aimed at sustaining dairy consumption.
我们旨在前瞻性地评估青少年的乳制品摄入量，并确定青春期充足乳制品消费的预测因素。纳入了634名在12岁和17岁时均有饮食数据的悉尼学童（351名女孩和283名男孩）进行分析。乳制品消费通过经过验证的半定量食物频率问卷进行评估。12岁时，平均每日总乳制品摄入量为1.62份，到17岁时降至1.40份（p<0.0001）。青春期期间，牛奶的平均每日份数从1.11降至0.92。此外，每日总乳制品份数减少的90%是由于牛奶消费减少。12岁时，8.5%的儿童每日总乳制品摄入量≥3.5份，5年后17岁时这一比例降至6.2%（p=0.001）。在12岁（p=0.005）和17岁（p=0.01）时，每日总乳制品摄入量≥3份的女孩比例均低于男孩。基线时父母具有高等学历的参与者在5年期间摄入乳制品食物组高于中位数的可能性高85%，比值比为1.85（95%置信区间1.18-2.91）。基线时经常饮用调味牛奶（≥每周2份）与青春期期间保持乳制品摄入量高于中位数的可能性高约5倍相关。青春期期间乳制品食物消费显著下降，主要原因是牛奶消费减少。大多数青少年未达到国家推荐的乳制品食物组摄入量指南。这些发现凸显了对旨在维持乳制品消费的干预策略进行进一步研究的必要性。
