Piquerez Sophie J M, Harvey Sarah E, Beynon Jim L, Ntoukakis Vardis
School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick Coventry, UK.
Front Plant Sci. 2014 Dec 3;5:671. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00671. eCollection 2014.
One of the great challenges for food security in the 21st century is to improve yield stability through the development of disease-resistant crops. Crop research is often hindered by the lack of molecular tools, growth logistics, generation time and detailed genetic annotations, hence the power of model plant species. Our knowledge of plant immunity today has been largely shaped by the use of models, specifically through the use of mutants. We examine the importance of Arabidopsis and tomato as models in the study of plant immunity and how they help us in revealing a detailed and deep understanding of the various layers contributing to the immune system. Here we describe examples of how knowledge from models can be transferred to economically important crops resulting in new tools to enable and accelerate classical plant breeding. We will also discuss how models, and specifically transcriptomics and effectoromics approaches, have contributed to the identification of core components of the defense response which will be key to future engineering of durable and sustainable disease resistance in plants.
21世纪粮食安全面临的重大挑战之一是通过培育抗病作物来提高产量稳定性。作物研究常常受到分子工具缺乏、生长物流、世代时间和详细基因注释的阻碍，因此模式植物物种具有重要作用。如今，我们对植物免疫的认识很大程度上是由模式植物塑造的，特别是通过使用突变体。我们研究了拟南芥和番茄作为植物免疫研究模式植物的重要性，以及它们如何帮助我们深入、详细地理解构成免疫系统的各个层面。在这里，我们描述了一些例子，说明如何将来自模式植物的知识应用于经济上重要的作物，从而产生新的工具来推动和加速传统植物育种。我们还将讨论模式植物，特别是转录组学和效应子组学方法，如何有助于识别防御反应的核心成分，这对于未来植物持久和可持续抗病性的工程设计至关重要。
