Pakseresht Mohammadreza, Kolahdooz Fariba, Gittelsohn Joel, Roache Cindy, Corriveau André, Sharma Sangita
Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, University Terrace, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Department of International Health, Center for Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2015 May;69(5):453-9. doi: 10.1136/jech-2014-204623. Epub 2014 Dec 19.
People in Arctic Canada are undergoing a nutritional transition and increased prevalence of chronic disease. The Healthy Foods North diet and physical activity intervention was developed in 2007-2008 while working with populations in six communities in Nunavut and the Northwest Territories, Canada.
Four communities received the 1-year intervention (eg, conducting workshops, cooking classes and walking clubs) and two communities served as controls. Among the 263 adult evaluation participants, food frequency questionnaires were used to assess dietary intake at baseline and postintervention. Changes in mean nutrient intakes, nutrient density and dietary adequacy from baseline to postintervention were determined. The intervention impact on nutrient intakes was assessed through multivariate linear regression analysis.
Post-intervention assessment showed a reductions in total fat, saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and increases in iron intake, only in the intervention group. More than a 4%-increase in the percentage of adherence to vitamins A and D recommendations was observed in the intervention group. After adjusting the regression models, respondents in the intervention communities significantly reduced their energy intake and increased their vitamins A and D intake.
The Healthy Foods North is an effective programme to improve dietary quality among populations of the Canadian Arctic. Long-term interventions are expected to be important factors in the prevention of diet-related chronic diseases in these communities.
加拿大北极地区的人们正经历营养转型，慢性病患病率不断上升。“北方健康食品”饮食与身体活动干预项目于2007 - 2008年在与加拿大努纳武特地区和西北地区六个社区的居民合作过程中制定。
四个社区接受了为期一年的干预（如举办研讨会、烹饪课程和步行俱乐部），两个社区作为对照。在263名成年评估参与者中，使用食物频率问卷评估基线和干预后的饮食摄入量。确定了从基线到干预后平均营养素摄入量、营养密度和饮食充足性的变化。通过多元线性回归分析评估干预对营养素摄入量的影响。
干预后评估显示，仅干预组的总脂肪、饱和、单不饱和和多不饱和脂肪酸摄入量有所减少，铁摄入量增加。干预组中观察到维生素A和D推荐摄入量的依从率提高了4%以上。在调整回归模型后，干预社区的受访者显著减少了能量摄入，增加了维生素A和D的摄入量。
“北方健康食品”是一项改善加拿大北极地区居民饮食质量的有效计划。长期干预预计将成为这些社区预防与饮食相关慢性病的重要因素。
