Sastre Francisco, De La Rosa Mario, Ibanez Gladys E, Whitt Elaine, Martin Steven S, O'Connell Daniel J
a Behavioral Science Research , Coral Gables , USA.
Cult Health Sex. 2015;17(6):667-81. doi: 10.1080/13691058.2014.989266. Epub 2014 Dec 20.
Among Latinos, cultural values such as machismo and marianismo may promote inconsistent condom use representing a significant risk factor for HIV infection. Yet there continues to be a need for additional research to explore the influence these cultural values have on Latino men and women's condom use attitudes and behaviours given increasing HIV rates of HIV infection among Latinos. The purpose of this study was to explore further Latino traditional culturally-ascribed attitudes and behaviour for emerging themes toward condom use among a diverse group of adult Latino men and women living in Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA. The study used a qualitative study-design and collected data from 16 focus groups with a total of 67 Latino men and women. Findings from the focus groups described attitudes and behaviours that counter traditional gender roles towards sex and expected sexual behaviours informed by machismo and marianismo. Common attitudes noted in the study include men's classification of women as dirty-clean to determine condom use and women's assertiveness during sexual encounters negotiating condom use--in favour and against it. As the findings of this study suggest, the process differ greatly between Latino men and women, having an impact on the risk behaviours in which each engage.
在拉丁裔人群中，大男子主义和圣母主义等文化价值观可能会导致避孕套使用不一致，这是感染艾滋病毒的一个重要风险因素。然而，鉴于拉丁裔人群中艾滋病毒感染率不断上升，仍需要进行更多研究，以探讨这些文化价值观对拉丁裔男性和女性避孕套使用态度及行为的影响。本研究的目的是进一步探究美国佛罗里达州迈阿密-戴德县不同成年拉丁裔男性和女性群体中，拉丁裔传统的文化归因态度和行为对避孕套使用新出现主题的影响。该研究采用定性研究设计，从16个焦点小组收集数据，共有67名拉丁裔男性和女性参与。焦点小组的研究结果描述了一些态度和行为，这些态度和行为与大男子主义和圣母主义所影响的传统性别角色对性及预期性行为的看法相悖。该研究中提到的常见态度包括，男性根据女性是否“脏净”来决定是否使用避孕套，以及女性在性接触中就使用避孕套进行协商时的坚定态度——支持和反对使用避孕套的态度都有。正如本研究结果所示，拉丁裔男性和女性的过程差异很大，这对他们各自的风险行为产生了影响。
