Fitzpatrick Lindsay E, McDevitt Todd C
Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.
The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA ; The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Biomater Sci. 2015 Jan;3(1):12-24. doi: 10.1039/C4BM00246F.
The development and application of decellularized extracellular matrices (ECM) has grown rapidly in the fields of cell biology, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine in recent years. Similar to decellularized tissues and whole organs, cell-derived matrices (CDMs) represent bioactive, biocompatible materials consisting of a complex assembly of fibrillar proteins, matrix macromolecules and associated growth factors that often recapitulate, at least to some extent, the composition and organization of native ECM microenvironments. The unique ability to engineer CDMs de novo based on cell source and culture methods makes them an attractive alternative to conventional allogeneic and xenogeneic tissue-derived matrices that are currently harvested from cadaveric sources, suffer from inherent heterogeneity, and have limited ability for customization. Although CDMs have been investigated for a number of biomedical applications, including adhesive cell culture substrates, synthetic scaffold coatings, and tissue engineered products, such as heart valves and vascular grafts, the state of the field is still at a relatively nascent stage of development. In this review, we provide an overview of the various applications of CDM and discuss successes to date, current limitations and future directions.
近年来，去细胞化细胞外基质（ECM）在细胞生物学、组织工程和再生医学领域的发展与应用迅速增长。与去细胞化组织和全器官类似，细胞衍生基质（CDM）代表了具有生物活性、生物相容性的材料，由纤维状蛋白、基质大分子和相关生长因子的复杂组合构成，这些成分通常至少在一定程度上重现了天然ECM微环境的组成和组织结构。基于细胞来源和培养方法从头设计CDM的独特能力，使其成为传统同种异体和异种组织衍生基质的有吸引力的替代物，目前这些传统基质是从尸体来源获取的，存在内在异质性，定制能力有限。尽管CDM已被研究用于多种生物医学应用，包括粘性细胞培养底物、合成支架涂层以及组织工程产品，如心脏瓣膜和血管移植物，但该领域仍处于相对初期的发展阶段。在本综述中，我们概述了CDM的各种应用，并讨论了迄今为止的成功、当前的局限性和未来的方向。
