Clinical and Biological Psychology, Catholic University Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Germany;
Clinical and Biological Psychology, Catholic University Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Germany.
Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2014 Dec 22;5:24917. doi: 10.3402/ejpt.v5.24917. eCollection 2014.
Treatments for adolescents affected by long-term loss in low- and middle-income countries are lacking. As school-based interventions are cost-efficient and easy to disseminate, an evaluation of this treatment setting for adolescents is worthwhile.
Examining the effect of a school-based unstructured emotional writing intervention (sensu Pennebaker, group 1) about the loss of a parent to reduce adaptation problems to loss, compared to writing about a hobby (group 2), and non-writing (group 3).
We randomly assigned 14-18-year-old Rwandan orphans to one of the three conditions (n=23 per condition). Before and after the intervention, subjects completed the Prolonged Grief Questionnaire for Adolescents and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents, Part A, on depression as self-report measures of long-term effects of early parental loss.
Repeated measures analyses of variance showed no differential effect for any of the three conditions but revealed a significant effect of time at posttest regarding grief severity. Reduction of grief symptoms was significantly higher in subjects with elevated grief. Depressive symptoms showed no significant change from pre- to posttest in the emotional writing condition, whereas they significantly decreased in the control condition.
RESULTS imply that unstructured, brief emotional writing might not be indicated in adolescents affected by early parental loss who show severe and long-term distress; a more structured approach seems recommendable.
在中低收入国家，针对受长期丧亲影响的青少年的治疗方法匮乏。由于基于学校的干预措施具有成本效益且易于传播，因此对这种针对青少年的治疗环境进行评估是有价值的。
评估基于学校的非结构化情感写作干预（彭尼贝克组 1）对丧亲之痛的影响，以减少青少年适应丧失的问题，与关于业余爱好的写作（组 2）和非写作（组 3）相比。
我们随机分配了 14-18 岁的卢旺达孤儿到三个条件之一（每组 23 人）。在干预前后，受试者使用青少年长期丧亲后情绪问卷和儿童和青少年迷你国际神经精神访谈，A 部分，作为父母早期丧失的长期影响的自我报告措施，完成了抑郁评估。
重复测量方差分析显示，三种条件之间没有差异效应，但在后测时，悲伤严重程度的时间效应显著。在悲伤程度较高的受试者中，悲伤症状的减轻明显更高。在情感写作条件下，抑郁症状从测试前到测试后没有明显变化，而在对照组中，抑郁症状明显减少。
结果表明，对于表现出严重和长期困扰的早期丧亲的青少年，非结构化、简短的情感写作可能不适用；更结构化的方法似乎更可取。
