Okpataku Christopher Izehinosen, Kwanashie Helen Ochuko, Ejiofor Janet Ifeakanwa, Olisah Victor Obiajulu
Department of Psychiatry, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria.
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Niger Med J. 2014 Nov;55(6):460-4. doi: 10.4103/0300-1652.144695.
The co-morbidity of psychoactive substance use and other mental disorders is a major challenge to the management of both conditions in several parts of the world. There is relative dearth of information on co-morbidity and its predictors in Nigeria. This study determined the prevalence and socio-demographic risk factors associated with psychoactive substance use in the psychiatric out-patients of a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.
A cross-sectional study.
From routine clinic visits over a 4-month period, each consecutive 4(th) adult patients (>18 years) who had previously attended the clinic at least for 1 year, completed a socio-demographic and semi-structured drug use questionnaires and interview with the Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) to generate substance use diagnosis. Data was analysed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), version 16. Level of significance was set at P < 0.05.
The lifetime prevalence for the use of substance was 29.3%, while that for multiple substances was 17.7%. The most commonly used substances were alcohol, cannabis and tobacco and they were also the ones mostly used in combination with one or the other. A total of 10.1% of the patients had a psychoactive substance use disorder. Being male, married with at least primary education and unemployed were significant risk factors for substance use.
Psychoactive substance is common among the psychiatric outpatients of the hospital with males, those with formal education, the married and unemployed being at high risk of substance use.
在世界上的多个地区，精神活性物质使用与其他精神障碍的共病是同时管理这两种情况的一项重大挑战。在尼日利亚，关于共病及其预测因素的信息相对匮乏。本研究确定了尼日利亚一家三级医院精神科门诊患者中与精神活性物质使用相关的患病率及社会人口学风险因素。
一项横断面研究。
在4个月的常规门诊就诊期间，每连续第4名曾在该诊所就诊至少1年的成年患者（>18岁），完成一份社会人口学和半结构化药物使用问卷，并通过神经精神病学临床评估量表（SCAN）进行访谈以得出物质使用诊断。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）16版对数据进行分析。显著性水平设定为P<0.05。
物质使用的终生患病率为29.3%，而多种物质使用的患病率为17.7%。最常用的物质是酒精、大麻和烟草，它们也是最常相互联合使用的物质。共有10.1%的患者患有精神活性物质使用障碍。男性、已婚、至少受过小学教育且失业是物质使用的显著风险因素。
精神活性物质在该医院的精神科门诊患者中很常见，男性、受过正规教育者、已婚者及失业者物质使用风险较高。
