Zareban Iraj, Karimy Mahmood, Niknami Shamsaddin, Haidarnia Alireza, Rakhshani Fatemeh
Department of Health Education, School of Health, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Department of Public Health, School of Health, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2014 Nov 29;3:123. doi: 10.4103/2277-9531.145935. eCollection 2014.
Diabetes as the most common diseases caused by metabolic disorders is an important global challenge. This is a disease that requires lifelong self-care because self-care and improved quality of life is cost effective. This study is aimed to determine the impact of self-care education program on reducing HbA1c, type 2 diabetic patients and was conducted in Zahedan.
This is an experimental study done on 138 diabetic female patients in Zahedan city, in 2011 (1390). This sampling method of patients was based on inclusion and exclusion criteria of the Diabetes Center, at Hazrat Ali Asghar Hospital (AS) in Zahedan. Samples were divided randomly in to two groups: 69 cases and 69 controls. Data collected included validity and reliability confirmed questionnaire. Checklist was based on patients 'performance of reporting and (HbA1c) testing. Before the educational intervention, the checklist of questions for recording the (HbA1c) test for both the groups were completed, and study samples received 5 sessions of education (with the group discussion and film show) for a month. However, the control group received only routine training. Three months after the educational intervention, both groups completed the questionnaire and the check list and data using SPSS software and the appropriate tests were analyzed.
Findings showed that the mean domain scores of area of knowledge, attitude and practice educational groups, were recorded as (46.6 ± 8.57, 46.5 ± 0.86 and 29.06 ± 10.02), respectively. And after education scores of knowledge, attitude and practice were recorded as (52.80 ± 2.20, 12.98 ± 1.02 and 39.69 ± 4.74), respectively, and in study group significant difference (P < 0/001) was seen.
Self-care training in striation leads to improve knowledge, attitude and self-care performance of the study samples and also improves the average (HbA1c). Because it seems to increase the active participation of learners in their care that they have experienced with this training method and their motivation enhanced them to learn better self-care. So this type of care education should be given to the attention of nurses and healthcare's staff.
糖尿病作为代谢紊乱引发的最常见疾病，是一项重大的全球挑战。这是一种需要终身自我护理的疾病，因为自我护理和改善生活质量具有成本效益。本研究旨在确定自我护理教育项目对降低2型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）的影响，研究在扎赫丹进行。
这是一项于2011年（伊朗历1390年）在扎赫丹市对138名糖尿病女性患者开展的实验研究。患者的这种抽样方法基于扎赫丹阿里·阿斯加尔医院糖尿病中心的纳入和排除标准。样本被随机分为两组：69例为病例组，69例为对照组。收集的数据包括效度和信度得到确认的问卷。检查表基于患者的报告表现和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）检测。在教育干预前，完成两组用于记录糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）检测的问题检查表，研究样本接受为期一个月的5次教育课程（包括小组讨论和播放影片）。然而，对照组仅接受常规培训。教育干预三个月后，两组完成问卷和检查表，并使用SPSS软件对数据进行分析，采用适当的检验方法。
研究结果显示，教育组在知识、态度和实践领域的平均得分分别记录为（46.6±8.57、46.5±0.86和29.06±10.02）。教育后，知识、态度和实践得分分别记录为（52.80±2.20、12.98±1.02和39.69±4.74），且研究组有显著差异（P<0.001）。
分层的自我护理培训可提高研究样本的知识、态度和自我护理表现，还能改善糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）的平均水平。因为通过这种培训方法，似乎增加了学习者对自身护理的积极参与，且他们的动机促使他们更好地学习自我护理。所以这种护理教育应引起护士和医护人员的重视。
