Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2015 Aug 30;91:125-40. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.12.003. Epub 2014 Dec 24.
Cell-based therapy is a promising modality to address many unmet medical needs. In addition to genetic engineering, material-based, biochemical, and physical science-based approaches have emerged as novel approaches to modify cells. Non-genetic engineering of cells has been applied in delivering therapeutics to tissues, homing of cells to the bone marrow or inflammatory tissues, cancer imaging, immunotherapy, and remotely controlling cellular functions. This new strategy has unique advantages in disease therapy and is complementary to existing gene-based cell engineering approaches. A better understanding of cellular systems and different engineering methods will allow us to better exploit engineered cells in biomedicine. Here, we review non-genetic cell engineering techniques and applications of engineered cells, discuss the pros and cons of different methods, and provide our perspectives on future research directions.
基于细胞的疗法是一种有前途的方式，可以满足许多未满足的医疗需求。除了基因工程外，基于材料、生物化学和物理科学的方法也已经成为修饰细胞的新方法。细胞的非基因工程已应用于将治疗药物递送到组织中、细胞归巢到骨髓或炎症组织中、癌症成像、免疫疗法和远程控制细胞功能。这种新策略在疾病治疗方面具有独特的优势，并且与现有的基于基因的细胞工程方法互补。更好地了解细胞系统和不同的工程方法将使我们能够更好地利用工程细胞在生物医学中的应用。在这里，我们综述了非基因细胞工程技术和工程细胞的应用，讨论了不同方法的优缺点，并对未来的研究方向提出了看法。
