Oh In-Hwan, Lee Jong Hoon, Park Dong Choon, Kim MyungGu, Chung Ji Hyun, Kim Sang Hoon, Yeo Seung Geun
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea.
PLoS One. 2014 Dec 30;9(12):e116161. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116161. eCollection 2014.
Although hearing loss may be caused by various factors, it is also a natural phenomenon associated with the aging process. This study was designed to assess the contributions of diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension, both chronic diseases associated with aging, as well as aging itself, to hearing loss in health screening examinees.
This study included 37,773 individuals who underwent health screening examinations from 2009 to 2012. The relationships between hearing threshold and subject age, hearing threshold at each frequency based on age group, the degree of hearing loss and the presence or absence of hypertension and DM were evaluated.
The prevalence of hearing loss increased with age, being 1.6%, 1.8%, 4.6%, 14.0%, 30.8%, and 49.2% in subjects in their twenties, thirties, forties, fifties, sixties, and seventies, respectively (p<0.05). Hearing value per frequency showed aging-based changes, in the order of 6000, 4000, 2000, 1000 and 500 Hz, indicating greater hearing losses at high frequencies. The degree of hearing loss ranged from mild to severe. Aging and DM were correlated with the prevalence of hearing loss (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant association between hearing loss and hypertension after adjusting for age and DM.
The prevalence of hearing loss increases with age and the presence of DM. Hearing loss was greatest at high frequencies. In all age groups, mild hearing loss was the most common form of hearing loss.
尽管听力损失可能由多种因素引起，但它也是与衰老过程相关的自然现象。本研究旨在评估糖尿病（DM）和高血压这两种与衰老相关的慢性疾病以及衰老本身对健康筛查受检者听力损失的影响。
本研究纳入了2009年至2012年期间接受健康筛查的37773名个体。评估了听力阈值与受试者年龄、基于年龄组的各频率听力阈值、听力损失程度以及高血压和糖尿病的有无之间的关系。
听力损失的患病率随年龄增长而增加，二十多岁、三十多岁、四十多岁、五十多岁、六十多岁和七十多岁的受试者中，患病率分别为1.6%、1.8%、4.6%、14.0%、30.8%和49.2%（p<0.05）。每个频率的听力值呈现出基于年龄的变化，顺序为6000、4000、2000、1000和500赫兹，表明高频听力损失更大。听力损失程度从轻度到重度不等。衰老和糖尿病与听力损失的患病率相关（p<0.05）。在调整年龄和糖尿病因素后，听力损失与高血压之间无统计学显著关联。
听力损失的患病率随年龄增长和糖尿病的存在而增加。高频听力损失最为严重。在所有年龄组中，轻度听力损失是最常见的听力损失形式。
