preseason 身体成分和体能预测男性大学生曲棍球运动员受伤风险的能力。
Ability of preseason body composition and physical fitness to predict the risk of injury in male collegiate hockey players.
机构信息
Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Saint John Regional Hospital, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada.
MedSport, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan ; Department of Athletics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
出版信息
Sports Health. 2015 Jan;7(1):45-51. doi: 10.1177/1941738114540445.
BACKGROUND
Injuries in collegiate ice hockey can result in significant time lost from play. The identification of modifiable risk factors relating to a player's physical fitness allows the development of focused training and injury prevention programs targeted at reducing these risks.
PURPOSE
To determine the ability of preseason fitness outcomes to predict in-season on-ice injury in male collegiate ice hockey players.
STUDY DESIGN
Prognostic cohort study.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 3.
METHODS
Athlete demographics, percentage body fat, aerobic capacity (300-m shuttle run; 1-, 1.5-, 5-mile run), and strength assessment (sit-ups, push-ups, grip strength, bench press, Olympic cleans, squats) data were collected at the beginning of 8 successive seasons for 1 male collegiate ice hockey team. Hockey-related injury data and player-level practice/game athlete exposure (AE) data were also prospectively collected. Seventy-nine players participated (203 player-years). Injury was defined as any event that resulted in the athlete being unable to participate in 1 or more practices or games following the event. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine the ability of the independent variables to predict the occurrence of on-ice injury.
RESULTS
There were 132 injuries (mean, 16.5 per year) in 55 athletes. The overall injury rate was 4.4 injuries per 1000 AEs. Forwards suffered 68% of the injuries. Seventy percent of injuries occurred during games with equal distribution between the 3 periods. The mean number of days lost due to injury was 7.8 ± 13.8 (range, 1-127 days). The most common mechanism of injury was contact with another player (54%). The odds of injury in a forward was 1.9 times (95% CI, 1.1-3.4) that of a defenseman and 3 times (95% CI, 1.2-7.7) that of a goalie. The odds of injury if the player's body mass index (BMI) was ≥25 kg/m(2) was 2.1 times (95% CI, 1.1-3.8) that of a player with a BMI <25 kg/m(2). The odds ratios for bench press, maximum sit-ups, and Olympic cleans were statistically significant but close to 1.0, and therefore the clinical relevance is unknown.
CONCLUSION
Forwards have higher odds of injury relative to other player positions. BMI was predictive of on-ice injury. Aerobic fitness and maximum strength outcomes were not strongly predictive of on-ice injury.
背景
大学生冰球比赛中的受伤可能会导致球员大量缺赛。识别与运动员身体素质相关的可修正风险因素，有助于有针对性地开展专项训练和预防受伤项目，从而降低这些风险。
目的
确定 preseason 体能测试结果是否能预测男性大学生冰球运动员的赛季内冰上受伤情况。
研究设计
预后队列研究。
证据等级
3 级。
方法
在 8 个连续赛季开始时，为 1 支男子大学生冰球队收集运动员人口统计学数据、体脂百分比、有氧能力（300 米折返跑；1 英里、1.5 英里、5 英里跑）和力量评估（仰卧起坐、俯卧撑、握力、卧推、奥林匹克举重、深蹲）数据。前瞻性收集与冰球相关的受伤数据和运动员层面的练习/比赛接触暴露（AE）数据。共有 79 名运动员（203 名运动员年）参与研究。受伤定义为运动员在受伤后无法参加 1 次或多次练习或比赛的任何事件。多变量逻辑回归用于确定独立变量预测冰上受伤发生的能力。
结果
55 名运动员中有 132 名（平均每年 16.5 名）运动员受伤。总体受伤率为每 1000 AE 发生 4.4 例受伤。前锋受伤比例占 68%。70%的受伤发生在比赛中，3 个节次中分布相等。因伤缺赛的平均天数为 7.8 ± 13.8（范围：1-127 天）。最常见的受伤机制是与其他运动员的接触（54%）。与防守队员相比，前锋受伤的几率高 1.9 倍（95%CI：1.1-3.4），与守门员相比高 3 倍（95%CI：1.2-7.7）。运动员 BMI≥25 kg/m2 时，受伤的几率是 BMI<25 kg/m2 的运动员的 2.1 倍（95%CI：1.1-3.8）。卧推、最大仰卧起坐和奥林匹克举重的比值比接近 1.0，因此临床相关性未知。
结论
与其他球员位置相比，前锋受伤的几率更高。BMI 可预测冰上受伤。有氧能力和最大力量测试结果对冰上受伤的预测作用不明显。
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