Iwayama Kaito, Kawabuchi Ryosuke, Park Insung, Kurihara Reiko, Kobayashi Masashi, Hibi Masanobu, Oishi Sachiko, Yasunaga Koichi, Ogata Hitomi, Nabekura Yoshiharu, Tokuyama Kumpei
Doctoral Program in Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; and.
Health Care Food Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Bunka, Sumida, Tokyo, Japan.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2015 Jan 1;118(1):80-5. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00697.2014. Epub 2014 Nov 13.
Whole body fat oxidation increases during exercise. However, 24-h fat oxidation on a day with exercise often remains similar to that of sedentary day, when energy intake is increased to achieve an energy-balanced condition. The present study aimed to examine a possibility that time of the day when exercise is performed makes differences in 24-h fat oxidation. As a potential mechanism of exercise affecting 24-h fat oxidation, its relation to exercise-induced transient energy deficit was examined. Nine young male endurance athletes underwent three trials of indirect calorimetry using a metabolic chamber, in which they performed a session of 100 min of exercise before breakfast (AM), after lunch (PM), or two sessions of 50 min of exercise before breakfast and after lunch (AM/PM) at 65% of maximal oxygen uptake. Experimental meals were designed to achieve individual energy balance. Twenty-four-hour energy expenditure was similar among the trials, but 24-h fat oxidation was 1,142 ± 97, 809 ± 88, and 608 ± 46 kcal/24 h in descending order of its magnitude for AM, AM/PM, and PM, respectively (P < 0.05). Twenty-four-hour carbohydrate oxidation was 2,558 ± 110, 2,374 ± 114, and 2,062 ± 96 kcal/24 h for PM, AM/PM, and AM, respectively. In spite of energy-balanced condition over 24 h, exercise induced a transient energy deficit, the magnitude of which was negatively correlated with 24-h fat oxidation (r = -0.72, P < 0.01). Similarly, transient carbohydrate deficit after exercise was negatively correlated with 24-h fat oxidation (r = -0.40, P < 0.05). The time of the day when exercise is performed affects 24-h fat oxidation, and the transient energy/carbohydrate deficit after exercise is implied as a factor affecting 24-h fat oxidation.
运动期间全身脂肪氧化增加。然而，在进行运动的一天中，24小时脂肪氧化通常仍与久坐日相似，此时能量摄入会增加以达到能量平衡状态。本研究旨在探讨进行运动的时间段是否会对24小时脂肪氧化产生影响。作为运动影响24小时脂肪氧化的潜在机制，研究了其与运动诱发的短暂能量不足的关系。九名年轻男性耐力运动员使用代谢室进行了三次间接量热法试验，他们在早餐前（上午）、午餐后（下午）进行100分钟的运动，或在早餐前和午餐后进行两次各50分钟的运动（上午/下午），运动强度为最大摄氧量的65%。实验餐旨在实现个体能量平衡。各试验之间24小时能量消耗相似，但24小时脂肪氧化量按上午、上午/下午、下午的顺序依次为1142±97、809±88和608±46千卡/24小时（P<0.05）。24小时碳水化合物氧化量分别为下午2558±110、上午/下午2374±114和上午2062±96千卡/24小时。尽管24小时内能量处于平衡状态，但运动诱发了短暂的能量不足，其程度与24小时脂肪氧化呈负相关（r=-0.72，P<0.01）。同样，运动后短暂的碳水化合物不足与24小时脂肪氧化呈负相关（r=-0.40，P<0.05）。进行运动的时间段会影响24小时脂肪氧化，运动后短暂的能量/碳水化合物不足被认为是影响24小时脂肪氧化的一个因素。
