自闭症谱系障碍最佳预后个体的细节和整体聚焦。
Detail and gestalt focus in individuals with optimal outcomes from autism spectrum disorders.
作者信息
Fitch Allison, Fein Deborah A, Eigsti Inge-Marie
机构信息
Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Road, U-1020, Storrs, CT, 06269-1020, USA.
出版信息
J Autism Dev Disord. 2015 Jun;45(6):1887-96. doi: 10.1007/s10803-014-2347-8.
Abstract
Individuals with high-functioning autism (HFA) have a cognitive style that privileges local over global or gestalt details. While not a core symptom of autism, individuals with HFA seem to reliably show this bias. Our lab has been studying a sample of children who have overcome their early ASD diagnoses, showing "optimal outcomes" (OO). This study characterizes performance by OO, HFA, and typically developing (TD) adolescents as they describe paintings under cognitive load. Analyses of detail focus in painting descriptions indicated that the HFA group displayed significantly more local focus than both OO and TD groups, while the OO and TD groups did not differ. We discuss implications for the centrality of detail focus to the autism diagnosis.
摘要
高功能自闭症（HFA）患者具有一种认知风格，这种风格使局部细节优于整体或格式塔细节。虽然这不是自闭症的核心症状，但患有高功能自闭症的个体似乎确实表现出这种偏向。我们实验室一直在研究一组已经克服早期自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）诊断并呈现出“最佳结果”（OO）的儿童样本。这项研究描述了处于最佳结果组、高功能自闭症组和发育正常（TD）的青少年在认知负荷下描述画作时的表现。对画作描述中细节关注的分析表明，高功能自闭症组比最佳结果组和发育正常组表现出更多的局部关注，而最佳结果组和发育正常组之间没有差异。我们讨论了细节关注对于自闭症诊断的核心意义。
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