Nugroho Widi, Cargill Colin Frank, Putra I Made, Kirkwood Roy Neville, Trott Darren John, Salasia Siti Isrina Oktavia, Reichel Michael Philipp
School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Roseworthy Campus, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5371, Australia.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2015 Mar;47(3):495-502. doi: 10.1007/s11250-014-0748-5. Epub 2015 Jan 7.
The objective of the current survey was to provide an update on pig farming practices in the Jayawijaya region, Papua Province, Indonesia. A structured semi-close-ended questionnaire was used to interview 367 farmers across the Jayawijaya region. Results showed that farms, on average, comprised of 8.8 pigs (CI 8.5-9.1). The average litter size was 6.0 (CI 5.7-6.3) piglets, the farrowing frequency was once a year, and the annual mortality rate was 50.2% (CI 48.4-51.9). On average, 43.4% farms (CI 36.4-50.7) allowed pigs to roam freely during daylight hours. Farmers used pigs for their own consumption (62.4%, CI 57.4-67.4), as a gift (56.6%, CI 51.5-61.7), or for sale (50.7%, CI 45.6-55.8). Veterinary services were used intensively by just 11.7% of farmers (CI 8.2-16.5). Furthermore, 34.2% (CI 29.3-39) of farmers would sell sick pigs, and 63.1% (CI 58.2-68.1) would slaughter and consume them. It was also recorded that 68.6% of farmers (CI 63.7-73.4) would eat sick pigs that had died naturally. These findings suggest that traditional pig farms in Jayawijaya are of low productivity. Moreover, the free roaming of pigs and the sale and consumption of sick pigs have the potential to allow pathogens to circulate between pig and human populations.
本次调查的目的是提供印度尼西亚巴布亚省查亚维贾亚地区养猪实践的最新情况。采用结构化半封闭式问卷对查亚维贾亚地区的367名农民进行了访谈。结果显示，农场平均存栏8.8头猪（置信区间8.5 - 9.1）。平均产仔数为6.0头仔猪（置信区间5.7 - 6.3），产仔频率为每年一次，年死亡率为50.2%（置信区间48.4 - 51.9）。平均而言，43.4%的农场（置信区间36.4 - 50.7）允许猪在白天自由活动。农民养猪供自己食用（62.4%，置信区间57.4 - 67.4）、作为礼物赠送（56.6%，置信区间51.5 - 61.7）或出售（50.7%，置信区间45.6 - 55.8）。只有11.7%的农民（置信区间8.2 - 16.5）频繁使用兽医服务。此外，34.2%的农民（置信区间29.3 - 39）会出售病猪，63.1%的农民（置信区间58.2 - 68.1）会宰杀并食用病猪。还记录到68.6%的农民（置信区间63.7 - 73.4）会食用自然死亡的病猪。这些发现表明，查亚维贾亚的传统养猪场生产力低下。此外，猪的自由活动以及病猪的出售和食用有可能使病原体在猪群和人群之间传播。
