Kehm Rebecca, Davey Cynthia S, Nanney Marilyn S
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2nd Street, Minneapolis, MN 55414.
J Sch Health. 2015 Feb;85(2):90-9. doi: 10.1111/josh.12231.
Although there are several evidence-based recommendations directed at improving nutrition and physical activity standards in schools, these guidelines have not been uniformly adopted throughout the United States. Consequently, research is needed to identify facilitators promoting schools to implement these recommendations. Therefore, this study analyzed the 2008 School Health Profiles Principal Survey (Profiles) to explore the role of family and community involvement in school nutrition and physical activity standards.
Survey data on nutrition and physical activity policies, as well as family and community involvement, were available for 28 states, representing 6732 secondary schools. One-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA), 2-sample t-tests, Pearson's chi-square tests, and multiple logistic and linear regression models were employed in this analysis.
Family and community involvement were associated with schools more frequently utilizing healthy eating strategies and offering students healthier food options. Further, involvement was associated with greater support for physical education staff and more intramural sports opportunities for students.
Though family and community involvement have the potential to have a positive influence on school nutrition and physical activity policies and practices, involvement remains low in schools. Increased efforts are needed to encourage collaboration among schools, families, and communities to ensure the highest health standards for all students.
尽管有多项基于证据的建议旨在提高学校的营养和体育活动标准，但这些指导方针在美国并未得到统一采用。因此，需要开展研究以确定促进学校实施这些建议的推动因素。所以，本研究分析了2008年学校健康概况校长调查（概况），以探讨家庭和社区参与在学校营养和体育活动标准中的作用。
有28个州提供了关于营养和体育活动政策以及家庭和社区参与的调查数据，代表6732所中学。本分析采用单因素方差分析（ANOVA）、双样本t检验、Pearson卡方检验以及多元逻辑回归和线性回归模型。
家庭和社区参与与学校更频繁地采用健康饮食策略以及为学生提供更健康的食物选择相关。此外，参与与对体育教育工作人员的更多支持以及为学生提供更多校内体育活动机会相关。
尽管家庭和社区参与有可能对学校营养和体育活动政策及实践产生积极影响，但学校中的参与程度仍然较低。需要加大力度鼓励学校、家庭和社区之间的合作，以确保所有学生都能达到最高的健康标准。
