Kanny Dafna, Brewer Robert D, Mesnick Jessica B, Paulozzi Leonard J, Naimi Timothy S, Lu Hua
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Jan 9;63(53):1238-42.
Alcohol poisoning is typically caused by binge drinking at high intensity (i.e., consuming a very large amount of alcohol during an episode of binge drinking). Approximately 38 million U.S. adults report binge drinking an average of four times per month and consuming an average of eight drinks per episode.
CDC analyzed data for 2010–2012 from the National Vital Statistics System to assess average annual alcohol poisoning deaths and death rates (ICD-10 codes X45 and Y15; underlying cause of death) in the United States among persons aged ≥15 years, by sex, age group, race/ethnicity, and state.
During 2010–2012, an annual average of 2,221 alcohol poisoning deaths (8.8 deaths per 1 million population) occurred among persons aged ≥15 years in the United States. Of those deaths, 1,681 (75.7%) involved adults aged 35–64 years, and 1,696 (76.4%) involved men. Although non-Hispanic whites accounted for the majority of alcohol poisoning deaths (67.5%; 1,500 deaths), the highest age-adjusted death rate was among American Indians/Alaska Natives (49.1 per 1 million). The age-adjusted rate of alcohol poisoning deaths in states ranged from 5.3 per 1 million in Alabama to 46.5 per 1 million in Alaska.
On average, six persons, mostly adult men, die from alcohol poisoning each day in the United States. Alcohol poisoning death rates vary substantially by state.
Evidence-based strategies for preventing excessive drinking (e.g., regulating alcohol outlet density and preventing illegal alcohol sales in retail settings) could reduce alcohol poisoning deaths by reducing the prevalence, frequency, and intensity of binge drinking.
酒精中毒通常是由高强度的暴饮（即在一次暴饮期间饮用大量酒精）引起的。约3800万美国成年人报告每月平均暴饮4次，每次暴饮平均饮用8杯酒。
美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）分析了2010 - 2012年国家生命统计系统的数据，以评估美国15岁及以上人群按性别、年龄组、种族/族裔和州划分的酒精中毒年均死亡人数和死亡率（国际疾病分类第十版编码X45和Y15；根本死因）。
在2010 - 2012年期间，美国15岁及以上人群中每年平均有2221例酒精中毒死亡（每100万人口中有8.8例死亡）。在这些死亡病例中，1681例（75.7%）涉及35 - 64岁的成年人，1696例（76.4%）涉及男性。尽管非西班牙裔白人占酒精中毒死亡病例的大多数（67.5%；1500例死亡），但年龄调整死亡率最高的是美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民（每100万中有49.1例）。各州酒精中毒死亡的年龄调整率从阿拉巴马州的每100万中有5.3例到阿拉斯加州的每100万中有46.5例不等。
在美国，平均每天有6人死于酒精中毒，其中大多数是成年男性。酒精中毒死亡率在各州之间差异很大。
基于证据的预防过度饮酒策略（如规范酒类销售点密度和防止零售场所非法售酒）可通过降低暴饮的流行率、频率和强度来减少酒精中毒死亡人数。
