学术培训和临床实习问题以实现护理能力。
Academic training and clinical placement problems to achieve nursing competency.
作者信息
Rahmati Sharghi Narjes, Alami Ali, Khosravan Shahla, Mansoorian Mohammad Reza, Ekrami Ali
机构信息
Research Student Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran;
Department of Health, Faculty of Public Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran;
出版信息
J Adv Med Educ Prof. 2015 Jan;3(1):15-20.
INTRODUCTION
High quality of care is one of the requirements of nursing which depends on the nursing competency. In this connection, the aim of this research was to determine the problems related to the academic training (nursing' educational program) and clinical practice to achieve competency from the viewpoint of nurses, faculty members, and nursing students.
METHODS
the study was an analytical cross-sectional one. The sample consisted of the academic staff, the third and the fourth year nursing students and nurses in practice. The instrument of the study was a two-part researcher-made questionnaire with 22 questions in the theoretical- clinical realm to assess problems related to the theoretical and clinical teaching in nursing, and 23 questions to assess the clinical functions. The questionnaire was validated in terms of both face and content validity. Its reliability, using Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, was 0.72 in the theoretical-clinical and 0.73 in the clinical realm. Both descriptive and analytical statistics were used to analyze the data, using SPSS software.
RESULTS
The results of this study indicated that from the participants' viewpoints, the most important problems in the academic education for nursea to acquire competency were as follows: lack of academic research the clinical period (88.9%), no application of theoretical aspects of the nursing process in practice (85.6%), insufficient knowledgeable and professional educators (81.1%), the use of traditional routine-oriented methods on the wards (75.6%); also insufficient time for performance based on knowledge in relation to the nurse's workload (86.5%), weakness and usefulness of scientific function encouragement systems in clinic (85.2%), and learnt theoretical subjects not coming into practice in clinical fields after graduation (75.6%).
CONCLUSION
Efforts to reduce the gap between the theoretical and practical (clinical function) knowledge in educational and work environment are required to improve the training of qualified nurses.
引言
高质量护理是护理工作的要求之一，这取决于护理能力。就此而言，本研究的目的是从护士、教员和护理专业学生的角度，确定与学术培训（护理教育项目）和临床实践相关的问题，以实现护理能力。
方法
本研究为分析性横断面研究。样本包括学术人员、护理专业三年级和四年级学生以及在职护士。研究工具是一份由研究者编制的问卷，分为两部分，在理论 - 临床领域有22个问题，用于评估护理理论和临床教学相关问题，还有23个问题用于评估临床功能。该问卷在表面效度和内容效度方面均得到验证。其信度，使用克朗巴哈α系数，在理论 - 临床领域为0.72，在临床领域为0.73。使用SPSS软件对数据进行描述性和分析性统计。
结果
本研究结果表明，从参与者的观点来看，护士在学术教育中获取能力方面最重要的问题如下：临床实习期间缺乏学术研究（88.9%）、护理程序的理论方面在实践中未得到应用（85.6%）、知识渊博和专业的教育工作者不足（81.1%）、病房采用传统的常规导向方法（75.6%）；基于知识的操作时间不足与护士工作量相关（86.5%）、临床中科学功能激励系统薄弱且无用（85.2%）以及毕业后所学理论科目在临床领域未付诸实践（75.6%）。
结论
需要努力缩小教育和工作环境中理论与实践（临床功能）知识之间的差距，以改善合格护士的培训。
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