Zhao Qian, Li Ping, Ma Junrong, Yu Xijie
Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, P.R. China.
Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov. 2015;10(2):182-200. doi: 10.2174/1574892810666150120163617.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of malignancy-related mortality worldwide. Metastases, which account for 90% of lung cancer deaths, frequently target the skeleton, leading to rapid deterioration in quality of life and premature death. The molecular mechanism underlying this progression, especially the development of bone metastases, is largely unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous, noncoding RNAs that function as negatively posttranscriptional gene regulators. Changes in miRNAs, which may exhibit either oncogenic or tumor suppressive activity, are common in lung cancer. Over-expressed miRNAs may contribute to oncogenesis by down-regulating tumor suppressors, whereas the loss of selected miRNAs may negatively regulate oncogenes or factors related to tumorigenesis and progression. MiRNAs may activate or repress metastases. Specific miRNA expression profiles may correlate with the response in treatment. We summarize recent findings and patents in the pathological roles of miRNAs in the progression and bone metastases in lung cancer, and discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic options in the clinical management of lung cancer.
肺癌是全球恶性肿瘤相关死亡的主要原因。转移占肺癌死亡的90%，常侵袭骨骼，导致生活质量迅速恶化和过早死亡。这种进展的分子机制，尤其是骨转移的发生，在很大程度上尚不清楚。微小RNA（miRNA）是小的内源性非编码RNA，作为转录后负性基因调节因子发挥作用。miRNA的变化在肺癌中很常见，其可能表现出致癌或抑癌活性。过表达的miRNA可能通过下调肿瘤抑制因子促进肿瘤发生，而特定miRNA的缺失可能对癌基因或与肿瘤发生和进展相关的因子产生负向调节作用。miRNA可能激活或抑制转移。特定的miRNA表达谱可能与治疗反应相关。我们总结了miRNA在肺癌进展和骨转移中的病理作用的最新研究结果和专利，并讨论了肺癌临床管理中的诊断和治疗选择。
