Sulaj Zihni, Drishti Alert, Çeko Irena, Gashi Amarda, Vyshka Gentian
Biomedical and Experimental Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, in Tirana, Albania.
Daru. 2015 Jan 25;23(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s40199-015-0090-0.
Acute poisonings particularly through pesticides have become a major public health concern in Albania during the last decade.
The number of fatalities due to aluminum phosphide intoxications was more than doubled during a five year-period from 2009 to 2013, and a cluster of suicides perpetrated with Phostoxin was registered. Several factors are accountable for such a phenomenon, including the fact that aluminum phosphide agents are freely available in the Albanian market, their price is extremely low and they are sold without any legal restriction. The mass media unfortunately warranted an emulating effect to dramatic intoxications, which gained by such means the notoriety of a secure lethal weapon.
Our experience with more than three hundred intoxications with aluminum phosphide agents in the last five years, showed that a considerable delay from the moment of exposure (mainly through ingestion) to specialized medical help seeking, created a considerable obstacle for a successful treatment of cases, and eventually for the survival of patients. The lack of a specific antidote adds further challenges to all these exposures. The need for public health policies aiming at prevention, awareness, and possibly the substitution of Phostoxin or other aluminum phosphide pesticides with less dangerous agents is formulated.
在过去十年中，急性中毒，尤其是农药中毒已成为阿尔巴尼亚主要的公共卫生问题。
从2009年到2013年的五年间，磷化铝中毒导致的死亡人数增加了一倍多，并且登记了一系列使用磷化铝自杀的案例。造成这种现象的原因有几个，包括磷化铝制剂在阿尔巴尼亚市场上可自由获取，其价格极低且销售没有任何法律限制。不幸的是，大众媒体对严重中毒事件起到了效仿作用，使得磷化铝制剂通过这种方式获得了安全致命武器的恶名。
我们在过去五年中处理三百多起磷化铝制剂中毒事件的经验表明，从接触（主要通过摄入）到寻求专业医疗救助之间存在相当长的延迟，这给成功治疗病例以及最终患者的存活造成了相当大的障碍。缺乏特效解毒剂给所有这些中毒事件带来了更多挑战。因此制定了旨在预防、提高认识并可能用危险性较小的制剂替代磷化铝或其他磷化铝农药的公共卫生政策。
