Hassan Noor Artika, Sahani Mazrura, Hod Rozita, Yahya Noral' Asyikin
J Environ Health. 2015 Jan-Feb;77(6):42-8.
Cyanidation in gold extraction has detrimental impacts on the ecosystem and the population in surrounding areas. The research described in this article aimed to assess the health effects of environmental exposure to cyanide in a community near a gold mining area in Malaysia. A total of 255 members of the exposed community and 117 members of the control community answered questionnaires on their exposure to a gold mine and health outcomes. Urine samples were collected for biomarker assessment (i.e., urinary thiocyanate). The authors found that the mean level of urinary thiocyanate was significantly higher among the exposed community (0.30 ± 0.26 mg/dL) than the control community (0.24 ± 0.23 mg/dL) (p = .0021). The exposed community had a significantly higher prevalence of headaches (prevalence odds ratio [pOR] = 2.6, p = .001), dizziness (pOR = 3.7, p < .001), skin irritation (pOR = 2.1, p = .040), and eye irritation (pOR = 5.1, p = .004). No association occurred between dietary exposure and urinary biomarkers. Smokers living near a gold mine had a higher urinary thiocyanate level (0.56 mg/dL) than smokers in the control community (0.49 mg/dL).
黄金提取过程中的氰化法对生态系统及周边地区的居民有不利影响。本文所述研究旨在评估马来西亚一个金矿附近社区环境接触氰化物对健康的影响。共有255名暴露社区成员和117名对照社区成员回答了关于他们接触金矿情况及健康结果的问卷。采集尿液样本用于生物标志物评估（即尿硫氰酸盐）。作者发现，暴露社区尿硫氰酸盐的平均水平（0.30±0.26毫克/分升）显著高于对照社区（0.24±0.23毫克/分升）（p = 0.0021）。暴露社区头痛患病率显著更高（患病率比值比[pOR]=2.6，p = 0.001）、头晕（pOR = 3.7，p < 0.001）、皮肤刺激（pOR = 2.1，p = 0.040）和眼睛刺激（pOR = 5.1，p = 0.004）。饮食暴露与尿生物标志物之间未发现关联。居住在金矿附近的吸烟者尿硫氰酸盐水平（0.56毫克/分升）高于对照社区的吸烟者（0.49毫克/分升）。
