Yawn James, Lawrence Lauren A, Carroll William W, Mulligan Jennifer K
Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States.
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2015 Apr;148:326-37. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.01.017. Epub 2015 Jan 24.
A large number of human, animal and in vitro studies have suggested that vitamin D3 (VD3) plays a critical role in inflammatory airway diseases such as asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis, and allergic rhinitis. VD3 acts upon a broad range of immune cells involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases including T-cells, dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and B-cells. In addition, VD3 can also regulate the functions of a number of non-immune cells including epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells. Given that VD3 has known effects on the immune system, it seems logical that supplementation with VD3 would prove efficacious in the treatment of these three diseases. While many studies, most of which are observational, have suggested that VD3 deficiency is associated with more severe disease, VD3 supplementation trials in humans have resulted in varied outcomes in terms of efficacy. In this review article we will discuss the role of VD3 in these three commonly associated respiratory diseases. We will explore the literature describing associations of VD3 deficiency with patient outcomes, cells in the respiratory microenvironment susceptible to VD3 regulation, conflicting results of VD3 supplementation trials, and potential gaps in our knowledge that may be limiting the widespread use of VD3 for the treatment of respiratory diseases such asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis and allergic rhinitis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled '17th Vitamin D Workshop'.
大量的人体、动物和体外研究表明，维生素D3（VD3）在哮喘、慢性鼻窦炎和过敏性鼻炎等炎症性气道疾病中起关键作用。VD3作用于参与这些疾病发病机制的多种免疫细胞，包括T细胞、树突状细胞（DCs）、巨噬细胞和B细胞。此外，VD3还可以调节包括上皮细胞、成纤维细胞和平滑肌细胞在内的多种非免疫细胞的功能。鉴于VD3对免疫系统有已知作用，补充VD3在治疗这三种疾病中被证明有效似乎是合乎逻辑的。虽然许多研究（其中大多数是观察性研究）表明VD3缺乏与更严重的疾病有关，但人体补充VD3试验在疗效方面产生了不同的结果。在这篇综述文章中，我们将讨论VD3在这三种常见相关呼吸道疾病中的作用。我们将探讨描述VD3缺乏与患者预后关联的文献、呼吸道微环境中易受VD3调节的细胞、VD3补充试验的矛盾结果，以及我们知识中可能限制VD3广泛用于治疗哮喘、慢性鼻窦炎和过敏性鼻炎等呼吸道疾病的潜在空白。本文是名为“第17届维生素D研讨会”的特刊的一部分。
