伊朗青少年的心理问题：优势与困难问卷自评表的应用
Psychological problems in Iranian adolescents: application of the self report form of strengths and difficulties questionnaire.
作者信息
Mohammadi Mohammad Reza, Arman Soroor, Khoshhal Dastjerdi Javad, Salmanian Maryam, Ahmadi Nastaran, Ghanizadeh Ahmad, Alavi Ali, Malek Ayyoub, Fathzadeh Gharibeh Heydar, Moharreri Fatemeh, Hebrani Paria, Motavallian Ali
机构信息
Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh hospital,Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
出版信息
Iran J Psychiatry. 2013 Oct;8(4):152-9.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the present study was to investigate the epidemiology of psychological problems in adolescents in five provinces of Tehran, Khorasan Razavi, Isfahan, East Azerbaijan and Fars in Iran.
METHODS
In the present cross-sectional and descriptive - analytical study, 5171 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years were selected through multistage cluster sampling method from Tehran, Isfahan, Fars, Khorasan Razavi and East Azarbaijan provinces. The self-report form of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to obtain the demographic data of each adolescent. Descriptive analysis and 95% confidence interval were used to investigate the relationship between scores of the SDQ questionnaire and demographic factors.
RESULT
Based on the results, the highest prevalence of psychological problems in the five provinces was related to conduct problems (24%), and the lowest prevalence was related to social problems (5.76%). Also, comparison of 95% confidence interval of prevalence of psychological problems between the two genders suggested a significant difference only in emotional problems of the self-report version of the SDQ between the two genders. The result revealed no significant difference in the psychological problems of the self-report version of the SDQ between the two age's groups and between the middle and high school graduates (p≤0.05). Among the 5 provinces, Fars allocated the highest rates of conduct problems (28.4), hyperactivity problems (21.5%) and overall criterion problems (17.3%); Esfahan had the highest rates of emotional problems (9.1%) and problems with peers (8.1%); and Khorasan Razavi had the highest rates of social problems (7.6%).
CONCLUSION
In this study, the highest prevalence of psychological problems in the five provinces was related to conduct problems, and the lowest prevalence was related to social problems. It was determined that girls have more emotional problems than boys. Also, no significant difference was found in the psychological problems of 12 to 14 and 15 to 17 year old adolescents or between middle and high school graduates. In the current study, the prevalence of psychological problems in adolescents in the urban population in Fars province was higher than expected.
目的
本研究旨在调查伊朗德黑兰、霍拉桑拉扎维、伊斯法罕、东阿塞拜疆和法尔斯五个省份青少年心理问题的流行病学情况。
方法
在本横断面描述性分析研究中，通过多阶段整群抽样法从德黑兰、伊斯法罕、法尔斯、霍拉桑拉扎维和东阿塞拜疆省选取了5171名12至17岁的青少年。使用优势与困难问卷（SDQ）的自陈式表格获取每名青少年的人口统计学数据。采用描述性分析和95%置信区间来研究SDQ问卷得分与人口统计学因素之间的关系。
结果
结果显示，五个省份中心理问题患病率最高的是品行问题（24%），患病率最低的是社交问题（5.76%）。此外，两性之间心理问题患病率95%置信区间的比较表明，仅SDQ自陈式版本中的情绪问题在两性之间存在显著差异。结果显示，SDQ自陈式版本的心理问题在两个年龄组之间以及初中和高中毕业生之间无显著差异（p≤0.05）。在这五个省份中，法尔斯的品行问题发生率最高（28.4）、多动问题发生率最高（21.5%）以及总体标准问题发生率最高（17.3%）；伊斯法罕的情绪问题发生率最高（9.1%）以及同伴问题发生率最高（8.1%）；霍拉桑拉扎维的社交问题发生率最高（7.6%）。
结论
在本研究中，五个省份中心理问题患病率最高的是品行问题，患病率最低的是社交问题。研究确定女孩比男孩有更多的情绪问题。此外，12至14岁和15至17岁青少年之间或初中和高中毕业生之间的心理问题无显著差异。在本研究中，法尔斯省城市人口中青少年心理问题的患病率高于预期。
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