Kayedi Mohammad Hassan, Haghdoost Ali Akbar, Salehnia Ali, Khamisabadi Kiumars
Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center and Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
Research Center for Modeling in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
J Arthropod Borne Dis. 2013 Dec 18;8(1):60-8. eCollection 2014.
Using special lotions and repellent sprays on skin is one of the effective methods to prevent Arthropods biting which was verified in this study.
Essential oils of four plants (Satureja khuzestanica, Salvia sclarea, Lavendula officinalis and Myrtus communis) were separately extracted by Clevenger used hydro distillation method. Then separated solutions with 10%, 20% and 40% concentrations of essential oils of plants in 99.6 % ethanol were prepared. WHO guidelines for efficacy testing of mosquito repellents for human skin were used on different concentrations of essential oils of plants, traditional repellents (DEET, 50% and 33%) as positive control, and ethanol 99.6% and naked hands as negative controls.
In negative control groups, the number of bits were comparable (P= 0.42) and had decreasing time trends (naked hands P= 0.011, ethanol P< 0.001). In all time points, minimum bites were observed in traditional repellents and it was significantly less than the other groups (P< 0.001). The time trend in the number of bites in the other groups was positive and showed minimum number of bites in time zero in all groups. We also found that the concentration of repellents had association with the number of bites. The maximum and minimum numbers of bites were observed with 10% and 40% concentrations respectively in all groups.
Essential oils of Salvia sclarea, Lavendula officinalis and Myrtus communis have repellency effect, even with 10% concentration of essential oils.
在皮肤上使用特殊乳液和驱虫喷雾剂是预防节肢动物叮咬的有效方法之一，本研究对此进行了验证。
采用水蒸气蒸馏法，通过克利夫enger装置分别提取四种植物（胡齐斯坦鼠尾草、欧丹参、薰衣草和香桃木）的精油。然后，分别制备含10%、20%和40%植物精油的溶液，溶剂为99.6%乙醇。按照世界卫生组织人体皮肤驱蚊剂功效测试指南，对不同浓度的植物精油、传统驱虫剂（50%和33%的避蚊胺）作为阳性对照、99.6%乙醇和裸手作为阴性对照进行测试。
在阴性对照组中，叮咬次数具有可比性（P = 0.42），且有下降的时间趋势（裸手P = 0.011，乙醇P < 0.001）。在所有时间点，传统驱虫剂组的叮咬次数最少，且显著低于其他组（P < 0.001）。其他组的叮咬次数时间趋势为阳性，且所有组在时间零点的叮咬次数最少。我们还发现，驱虫剂浓度与叮咬次数有关。在所有组中，10%浓度组的叮咬次数最多，40%浓度组的叮咬次数最少。
欧丹参、薰衣草和香桃木的精油具有驱蚊作用，即使精油浓度为10%时也如此。
