Bodin Theo, Björk Jonas, Ardö Jonas, Albin Maria
Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden.
Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Jan 29;12(2):1612-28. doi: 10.3390/ijerph120201612.
Access to a quiet side in one's dwelling is thought to compensate for higher noise levels at the most exposed façade. It has also been indicated that noise from combined traffic sources causes more noise annoyance than equal average levels from either road traffic or railway noise separately.
2612 persons in Malmö, Sweden, answered to a residential environment survey including questions on outdoor environment, noise sensitivity, noise annoyance, sleep quality and concentration problems. Road traffic and railway noise was modeled using Geographic Information System.
Access to a quiet side, i.e., at least one window facing yard, water or green space, was associated with reduced risk of annoyance OR (95%CI) 0.47 (0.38-0.59), and concentration problems 0.76 (0.61-0.95). Bedroom window facing the same environment was associated to reduced risk of reporting of poor sleep quality 0.78 (0.64-1.00). Railway noise was associated with reduced risk of annoyance below 55 dB(A) but not at higher levels of exposure.
Having a window facing a yard, water or green space was associated to a substantially reduced risk of noise annoyance and concentration problems. If this window was the bedroom window, sleeping problems were less likely.
人们认为，在住宅中能进入安静的一侧可弥补最暴露立面处较高的噪音水平。也有研究表明，混合交通源产生的噪音比单独的道路交通或铁路噪音同等平均水平时会引起更多的噪音烦恼。
瑞典马尔默的2612人回答了一项住宅环境调查，其中包括有关室外环境、噪音敏感性、噪音烦恼、睡眠质量和注意力不集中问题的提问。使用地理信息系统对道路交通和铁路噪音进行建模。
能进入安静一侧，即至少有一扇窗户朝向院子、水体或绿地，与烦恼风险降低相关，比值比（95%置信区间）为0.47（0.38 - 0.59），与注意力不集中问题相关，比值比为0.76（0.61 - 0.95）。卧室窗户朝向相同环境与报告睡眠质量差的风险降低相关，比值比为0.78（0.64 - 1.00）。低于55分贝（A）时，铁路噪音与烦恼风险降低相关，但在更高暴露水平时则不然。
有一扇窗户朝向院子、水体或绿地与噪音烦恼和注意力不集中问题的风险大幅降低相关。如果这扇窗户是卧室窗户，睡眠问题发生的可能性较小。
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