伊朗西北部农村地区饮用地下水资源中的农药残留
Pesticides residue in drinking groundwater resources of rural areas in the northwest of iran.
作者信息
Shakerkhatibi Mohammad, Mosaferi Mohammad, Asghari Jafarabadi Mohammad, Lotfi Ehtesham, Belvasi Mehdi
机构信息
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
出版信息
Health Promot Perspect. 2014 Dec 30;4(2):195-205. doi: 10.5681/hpp.2014.026. eCollection 2014.
BACKGROUND
The majority of rural population in Iran depends on groundwater resources for drinking purposes. In recent years, pesticide contamination of limited water resources has become a serious challenge worldwide. This study quantified the pesticides residue in rural groundwater resources in the northwest of Iran.
METHODS
A total of 78 groundwater samples were collected in June and Sep-tember 2011 from all 39 drinking water wells. Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) followed by Gas Chroma9tography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to determine the selected pesticides.
RESULTS
Detection frequencies of profenofos, malathion, diazinon, endosulfan, trifluralin, deltamethrin, methyl parathion, and fenitrothion were determined with the concentrations exceeded 0.1 μg/L in 2.6, 17.9, 15.4, 10.3, 2.6, 2.6, 7.7, and 44.9% of the samples, respectively. Total pesticides residue was also ob-served in 26.9% of the samples with concentrations exceeded 0.5 μg/L. Among them, profenofos, malathion and diazinon were detected as the most frequently observed pesticides with the maximum concentrations of 0.542, 0.456 and 0.614 μg/L, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Higher pesticides residue than European Economic Commission (EEC) guidelines occurred in a number of monitored resources.
背景
伊朗的大多数农村人口依靠地下水资源饮用。近年来，有限水资源的农药污染已成为全球范围内的一个严峻挑战。本研究对伊朗西北部农村地下水资源中的农药残留进行了量化。
方法
2011年6月和9月，从所有39口饮用水井中总共采集了78份地下水样本。采用液液萃取（LLE）结合气相色谱/质谱联用仪（GC/MS）来测定选定的农药。
结果
所测定的丙溴磷、马拉硫磷、二嗪农、硫丹、氟乐灵、溴氰菊酯、甲基对硫磷和杀螟硫磷的检出频率分别为2.6%、17.9%、15.4%、10.3%、2.6%、2.6%、7.7%和44.9%，其浓度超过0.1μg/L。在26.9%的样本中也观察到总农药残留，其浓度超过0.5μg/L。其中，丙溴磷、马拉硫磷和二嗪农被检测为最常观察到的农药，其最大浓度分别为0.542μg/L、0.456μg/L和0.614μg/L。
结论
在一些监测资源中，农药残留高于欧洲经济委员会（EEC）的指导标准。
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