采用计算机控制扫描电子显微镜（CCSEM）对韩国首尔室外及地铁细颗粒物（PM(2.5 - 1.0)）和粗颗粒物（PM(10 - 2.5)）进行化学表征。
Chemical characterization of outdoor and subway fine (PM(2.5-1.0)) and coarse (PM(10-2.5)) particulate matter in Seoul (Korea) by computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy (CCSEM).
作者信息
Byeon Sang-Hoon, Willis Robert, Peters Thomas M
机构信息
Department of Environmental Health, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 136-703, Korea.
National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Feb 13;12(2):2090-104. doi: 10.3390/ijerph120202090.
Outdoor and indoor (subway) samples were collected by passive sampling in urban Seoul (Korea) and analyzed with computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (CCSEM-EDX). Soil/road dust particles accounted for 42%-60% (by weight) of fine particulate matter larger than 1 µm (PM(2.5-1.0)) in outdoor samples and 18% of PM2.5-1.0 in subway samples. Iron-containing particles accounted for only 3%-6% in outdoor samples but 69% in subway samples. Qualitatively similar results were found for coarse particulate matter (PM(10-2.5)) with soil/road dust particles dominating outdoor samples (66%-83%) and iron-containing particles contributing most to subway PM(10-2.5) (44%). As expected, soil/road dust particles comprised a greater mass fraction of PM(10-2.5) than PM(2.5-1.0). Also as expected, the mass fraction of iron-containing particles was substantially less in PM(10-2.5) than in PM(2.5-1.0). Results of this study are consistent with known emission sources in the area and with previous studies, which showed high concentrations of iron-containing particles in the subway compared to outdoor sites. Thus, passive sampling with CCSEM-EDX offers an inexpensive means to assess PM(2.5-1.0) and PM(10-2.5) simultaneously and by composition at multiple locations.
在韩国首尔市通过被动采样收集了室外和室内（地铁）样本，并采用计算机控制扫描电子显微镜结合能量色散X射线光谱仪（CCSEM - EDX）进行分析。在室外样本中，土壤/道路灰尘颗粒占大于1微米的细颗粒物（PM(2.5 - 1.0)）的42% - 60%（按重量计），在地铁样本中占PM2.5 - 1.0的18%。含铁颗粒在室外样本中仅占3% - 6%，但在地铁样本中占69%。对于粗颗粒物（PM(10 - 2.5)）也发现了定性相似的结果，土壤/道路灰尘颗粒在室外样本中占主导（66% - 83%），含铁颗粒对地铁PM(10 - 2.5)的贡献最大（44%）。正如预期的那样，土壤/道路灰尘颗粒在PM(10 - 2.5)中的质量分数高于PM(2.5 - 1.0)。同样如预期的那样，含铁颗粒在PM(10 - 2.5)中的质量分数明显低于PM(2.5 - 1.0)。本研究结果与该地区已知的排放源以及先前的研究一致，先前研究表明与室外场所相比，地铁中含铁颗粒浓度较高。因此，使用CCSEM - EDX进行被动采样提供了一种廉价的方法，可在多个地点同时按成分评估PM(2.5 - 1.0)和PM(10 - 2.5)。
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