Robbins M E, Campling D, Rezvani M, Golding S J, Hopewell J W
CRC Normal Tissue Radiobiology Research Group, Research Institute (University of Oxford), Churchill Hospital, U.K.
Int J Radiat Biol. 1989 Jul;56(1):83-98. doi: 10.1080/09553008914551211.
Both kidneys in mature female Large White pigs, ca. 45 weeks old were irradiated with single doses of 7.8-14.0 Gy of 60Co gamma-rays. Radiation-induced changes in renal function were assessed on the basis of sequential individual measurements of kidney glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) for up to 24 weeks after irradiation. At the same time intervals blood samples were taken to determine plasma renin levels and the haematological status of each animal. Two weeks after irradiation the ERPF and in particular the GFR was increased. This was followed by a pronounced, dose-dependent, decline in renal haemodynamics. Minimal functional levels were observed 8-12 weeks after irradiation. Function then somewhat recovered. There was a significant (r greater than or equal to 0.98; p less than 0.001) inverse relationship between the mean values of GFR and ERPF, determined at 4-24 weeks after irradiation, and the radiation dose. After a dose of 7.8 Gy the reduction in ERPF was greater than that for GFR. However, at higher doses both parameters were reduced to an equal extent. The resulting slope of the dose-effect curve for impaired renal function versus dose was significantly steeper for GFR than that for ERPF (p less than 0.001). There was a significant reduction (p less than 0.002) in the erythrocyte count, the haematocrit and haemoglobin levels within 6-8 weeks of irradiation; this anaemia was characterized as a normochromic normocytic anaemia. There were no marked changes in plasma renin levels as a result of renal irradiation. The pathogenesis of late radiation-induced damage to the kidney is discussed in the light of these findings.
对约45周龄的成年雌性大白猪的双肾进行单剂量7.8 - 14.0 Gy的60Coγ射线照射。在照射后长达24周的时间里，通过对肾脏肾小球滤过率（GFR）和有效肾血浆流量（ERPF）进行连续的个体测量，评估辐射诱导的肾功能变化。在相同时间间隔采集血样，以测定每只动物的血浆肾素水平和血液学状态。照射后两周，ERPF尤其是GFR升高。随后出现明显的、剂量依赖性的肾血流动力学下降。照射后8 - 12周观察到最低功能水平。功能随后有所恢复。照射后4 - 24周测定的GFR和ERPF平均值与辐射剂量之间存在显著的（r大于或等于0.98；p小于0.001）负相关关系。给予7.8 Gy剂量后，ERPF的降低幅度大于GFR。然而，在更高剂量下，两个参数降低程度相同。GFR的肾功能受损剂量 - 效应曲线的斜率比ERPF的明显更陡（p小于0.001）。照射后6 - 8周内红细胞计数、血细胞比容和血红蛋白水平显著降低（p小于0.002）；这种贫血被表征为正色素正细胞性贫血。肾脏照射后血浆肾素水平没有明显变化。根据这些发现讨论了晚期辐射诱导的肾脏损伤的发病机制。
