Robbins M E, Campling D, Rezvani M, Golding S J, Hopewell J W
Cancer Research Campaign Normal Tissue Radiobiology Research Group, Research Institute (University of Oxford), Churchill Hospital, U.K.
Int J Radiat Biol. 1989 Jul;56(1):99-106. doi: 10.1080/09553008914551221.
In 14-week-old (immature) and 45-week-old (mature) pigs either the right kidney (unilateral irradiation, UI) or both kidneys (bilateral irradiation, BI) were irradiated. The kidneys of immature pigs received single doses of 7.0-12.6 Gy of 250 kV X-rays; mature pigs received single doses of 7.8-14.0 Gy of 60Co gamma-rays. These were assumed to be approximately equivalent to the X-ray doses using a RBE of 0.9 gamma-rays/X-rays. The glomerular filtration rates (GFR) and effective renal plasma flows (ERPF), were determined for up to 24 weeks after irradiation. From these data dose-effect curves were obtained by determining, at each dose level, the percentage of irradiated kidneys which exhibited a greater than or equal to 50 per cent reduction in GFR and ERPF. 60Co gamma-ray doses were normalised to approximately equivalent X-ray doses. The dose-effect curves were fitted by probit analysis, and ED50 values (+/- SE) calculated for both GFR and ERPF. Similar conclusions could be drawn from the results obtained following the determination of both GFR and ERPF. However, the ED50 values obtained for ERPF were significantly lower than those for GFR (p less than 0.05). In 14-week-old animals the kidney of UI animals was significantly more radiosensitive than that of BI animals, i.e. the ED50 values, in terms of GFR, were 8.74 +/- 0.31 Gy and 10.97 +/- 0.23 Gy, respectively (p less than 0.001). In 45-week-old pigs the reverse was true; the ED50 values were 12.67 +/- 0.34 Gy and 8.78 +/- 0.15 Gy (p less than 0.001) for unilateral- or bilateral-irradiated animals, respectively. The kidney of BI mature animals appeared to be as radiosensitive as the UI immature pigs. Thus the renal response to radiation was markedly influenced by the age of the animals and by the proportion of the renal tissue irradiated.
对14周龄（未成熟）和45周龄（成熟）的猪，分别对其右肾（单侧照射，UI）或双肾（双侧照射，BI）进行照射。未成熟猪的肾脏接受单次剂量为7.0 - 12.6 Gy的250 kV X射线照射；成熟猪接受单次剂量为7.8 - 14.0 Gy的60Co γ射线照射。假设使用0.9的γ射线/ X射线相对生物效应系数（RBE），这些剂量大致相当于X射线剂量。在照射后长达24周的时间内测定肾小球滤过率（GFR）和有效肾血浆流量（ERPF）。根据这些数据，通过确定每个剂量水平下GFR和ERPF降低大于或等于50%的照射肾脏的百分比，获得剂量效应曲线。60Co γ射线剂量被归一化为大致等效的X射线剂量。通过概率分析拟合剂量效应曲线，并计算GFR和ERPF的半数有效剂量（ED50）值（±标准误）。从GFR和ERPF测定结果中可以得出类似的结论。然而，ERPF获得的ED50值显著低于GFR的ED50值（p < 0.05）。在14周龄的动物中，UI动物的肾脏比BI动物的肾脏对辐射更敏感，即就GFR而言，ED50值分别为8.74±0.31 Gy和10.97±0.23 Gy（p < 0.001）。在45周龄的猪中情况相反；单侧或双侧照射动物的ED50值分别为12.67±0.34 Gy和8.78±0.15 Gy（p < 0.001）。BI成熟动物的肾脏似乎与UI未成熟猪的肾脏对辐射一样敏感。因此，肾脏对辐射的反应明显受到动物年龄和受照射肾组织比例的影响。
