Sprangers R L H, Stam F, Smid H E C, Stehouwer C D A, Hellemans I M
Neth Heart J. 2004 Oct;12(10):443-449.
Current guidelines for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) emphasise the importance of a healthy lifestyle. However, successful lifestyle intervention is proving to be a challenge for healthcare professionals.
Evaluation of the effect of lifestyle intervention on cardiovascular risk factors, on reaching treatment targets and on the estimated risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
The effect of a six-month multidisciplinary structured lifestyle intervention programme was assessed in 186 patients with and without a history of CVD.
Multidisciplinary structured lifestyle intervention reduced the estimated ten-year risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The relative risk reduction was similar in patients with and without a history of CVD, the absolute risk reduction was higher in patients with a history of CVD. In both groups blood pressure and body weight decreased, and the maximal work rate and maximal oxygen uptake increased significantly. Blood levels of total cholesterol and cholesterol/HDL ratio decreased significantly in patients with a history of CVD. In addition, target levels for blood pressure and physical fitness were more frequently reached in both patient groups.
Multidisciplinary structured lifestyle intervention had beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors. Relative risk reduction was similar in patients with and without evidence of cardiovascular disease. Follow-up is needed to see how well these effects can be maintained.
当前心血管疾病（CVD）防治指南强调健康生活方式的重要性。然而，事实证明，成功的生活方式干预对医疗保健专业人员来说是一项挑战。
评估生活方式干预对心血管危险因素、实现治疗目标以及心血管发病和死亡估计风险的影响。
对186例有或无CVD病史的患者评估了为期六个月的多学科结构化生活方式干预计划的效果。
多学科结构化生活方式干预降低了心血管发病和死亡的估计十年风险。有和无CVD病史的患者相对风险降低相似，有CVD病史的患者绝对风险降低更高。两组患者的血压和体重均下降，最大工作率和最大摄氧量显著增加。有CVD病史的患者血液中总胆固醇水平和胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白比值显著降低。此外，两组患者更频繁地达到血压和体能的目标水平。
多学科结构化生活方式干预对心血管危险因素有有益影响。有和无心血管疾病证据的患者相对风险降低相似。需要进行随访以了解这些效果能维持多久。
