Ntali Georgia, Karavitaki Niki
Department of Endocrinology, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Old Road, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK.
Department of Endocrinology, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Old Road, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2015 Mar;44(1):117-26. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2014.10.009. Epub 2014 Nov 4.
Radiation therapy is widely used in the management of intracranial (including sellar and parasellar) and systemic disorders. Although in many cases the irradiation aims to prevent the growth or regrowth and to control the hormonal hypersecretion of a pituitary tumor, in many others it adversely affects the hypothalamo-pituitary function simply because this area receives significant doses of radiation delivered for non-hypothalamo-pituitary disorders. The main long-term complications include hypopituitarism, optic neuropathy, cerebrovascular morbidity, and second brain tumors. Radiation technique and schedule are important determinants of these adverse effects.
放射治疗广泛应用于颅内（包括鞍区和鞍旁）及全身疾病的治疗。尽管在许多情况下，放疗旨在预防垂体肿瘤的生长或复发，并控制其激素分泌亢进，但在其他许多情况下，它会对下丘脑 - 垂体功能产生不利影响，仅仅是因为该区域会因非下丘脑 - 垂体疾病而接受大量辐射剂量。主要的长期并发症包括垂体功能减退、视神经病变、脑血管疾病和继发性脑肿瘤。放射技术和方案是这些不良反应的重要决定因素。
