Campbell Alexandra M, Fleisher Jay, Sinigalliano Christopher, White James R, Lopez Jose V
Center of Excellence in Coral Reef Ecosystem Research, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, Florida, 33004.
School of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, 3301 College Avenue, Davie, Florida, 33004.
Microbiologyopen. 2015 Jun;4(3):390-408. doi: 10.1002/mbo3.245. Epub 2015 Mar 5.
Coastal waters adjacent to populated southeast Florida possess different habitats (reefs, oceanic inlets, sewage outfalls) that may affect the composition of their inherent microbiomes. To determine variation according to site, season, and depth, over the course of 1 year, we characterized the bacterioplankton communities within 38 nearshore seawater samples derived from the Florida Area Coastal Environment (FACE) water quality survey. Six distinct coastal locales were profiled - the Port Everglades and Hillsboro Inlets, Hollywood and Broward wastewater outfalls, and associated reef sites using culture-independent, high-throughput pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA V4 region. More than 227,000 sequences helped describe longitudinal taxonomic profiles of marine bacteria and archaea. There were 4447 unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs) identified with a mean OTU count of 5986 OTUs across all sites. Bacterial taxa varied significantly by season and by site using weighted and unweighted Unifrac, but depth was only supported by weighted Unifrac, suggesting a change due to presence/absence of certain OTUs. Abundant microbial taxa across all samples included Synechococcus, Pelagibacteraceae, Bacteroidetes, and various Proteobacteria. Unifrac analysis confirmed significant differences at inlet sites relative to reef and outfalls. Inlet-based bacterioplankton significantly differed in greater abundances of Rhodobacteraceae and Cryomorphaceae, and depletion of SAR406 sequences. This study also found higher counts of Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, and wastewater associated SBR1093 bacteria at the outfall and reef sites compared to inlet sites. This study profiles local bacterioplankton populations in a much broader context, beyond culturing and quantitative PCR, and expands upon the work completed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration FACE program.
佛罗里达州东南部人口密集地区附近的沿海水域拥有不同的栖息地（珊瑚礁、海洋入海口、污水排放口），这些栖息地可能会影响其固有微生物群落的组成。为了确定不同地点、季节和深度的变化情况，在一年的时间里，我们对来自佛罗里达地区沿海环境（FACE）水质调查的38个近岸海水样本中的浮游细菌群落进行了特征分析。我们对六个不同的沿海地区进行了分析——埃弗格莱兹港和希尔斯伯勒入海口、好莱坞和布劳沃德污水排放口，以及相关的珊瑚礁地点，采用了基于16S rRNA V4区域的非培养高通量焦磷酸测序技术。超过227,000个序列有助于描述海洋细菌和古菌的纵向分类学概况。共鉴定出4447个独特的操作分类单元（OTU），所有站点的平均OTU数量为5986个。使用加权和非加权的UniFrac分析表明，细菌分类群在季节和地点上有显著差异，但深度仅在加权UniFrac分析中得到支持，这表明是由于某些OTU的存在与否导致了变化。所有样本中丰富的微生物分类群包括聚球藻属、嗜甲基菌科、拟杆菌门和各种变形菌门。UniFrac分析证实，入海口站点相对于珊瑚礁和污水排放口存在显著差异。以入海口为基础的浮游细菌在红杆菌科和冷形菌科的丰度更高，而SAR406序列的丰度更低，存在显著差异。这项研究还发现，与入海口站点相比，污水排放口和珊瑚礁站点的厚壁菌门、绿弯菌门和与废水相关的SBR1093细菌数量更多。这项研究在比培养和定量PCR更广泛的背景下对当地浮游细菌种群进行了分析，并扩展了美国国家海洋和大气管理局FACE计划所完成的工作。
