新千年新型呼吸道病毒的鉴定。
Identification of new respiratory viruses in the new millennium.
作者信息
Berry Michael, Gamieldien Junaid, Fielding Burtram C
机构信息
South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Western Cape 7535, South Africa.
Molecular Biology and Virology Laboratory, Department of Medical BioSciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Western Cape 7535, South Africa.
出版信息
Viruses. 2015 Mar 6;7(3):996-1019. doi: 10.3390/v7030996.
The rapid advancement of molecular tools in the past 15 years has allowed for the retrospective discovery of several new respiratory viruses as well as the characterization of novel emergent strains. The inability to characterize the etiological origins of respiratory conditions, particularly in children, led several researchers to pursue the discovery of the underlying etiology of disease. In 2001, this led to the discovery of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and soon following that the outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) promoted an increased interest in coronavirology and the latter discovery of human coronavirus (HCoV) NL63 and HCoV-HKU1. Human bocavirus, with its four separate lineages, discovered in 2005, has been linked to acute respiratory tract infections and gastrointestinal complications. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) represents the most recent outbreak of a completely novel respiratory virus, which occurred in Saudi Arabia in 2012 and presents a significant threat to human health. This review will detail the most current clinical and epidemiological findings to all respiratory viruses discovered since 2001.
在过去15年里，分子工具的迅速发展使得人们能够追溯发现几种新的呼吸道病毒，并对新出现的毒株进行特征描述。由于无法确定呼吸道疾病，尤其是儿童呼吸道疾病的病因，一些研究人员致力于探寻疾病的潜在病因。2001年，这促成了人类偏肺病毒（hMPV）的发现，随后严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）的爆发引发了人们对冠状病毒学的更大兴趣，以及后来人类冠状病毒（HCoV）NL63和HCoV-HKU1的发现。2005年发现的具有四个独立谱系的人博卡病毒与急性呼吸道感染和胃肠道并发症有关。中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）是最新出现的一种全新呼吸道病毒，于2012年在沙特阿拉伯爆发，对人类健康构成重大威胁。本综述将详细介绍自2001年以来发现的所有呼吸道病毒的最新临床和流行病学研究结果。
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