Wool Lauren E, Komban Stanley J, Kremkow Jens, Jansen Michael, Li Xiaobing, Alonso Jose-Manuel, Zaidi Qasim
Graduate Center for Vision Research, State University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
J Vis. 2015 Feb 6;15(2):10. doi: 10.1167/15.2.10.
The unique hues--blue, green, yellow, red--form the fundamental dimensions of opponent-color theories, are considered universal across languages, and provide useful mental representations for structuring color percepts. However, there is no neural evidence for them from neurophysiology or low-level psychophysics. Tapping a higher prelinguistic perceptual level, we tested whether unique hues are particularly salient in search tasks. We found no advantage for unique hues over their nonunique complementary colors. However, yellowish targets were detected faster, more accurately, and with fewer saccades than their complementary bluish targets (including unique blue), while reddish-greenish pairs were not significantly different in salience. Similarly, local field potentials in primate V1 exhibited larger amplitudes and shorter latencies for yellowish versus bluish stimuli, whereas this effect was weaker for reddish versus greenish stimuli. Consequently, color salience is affected more by early neural response asymmetries than by any possible mental or neural representation of unique hues.
独特色调——蓝色、绿色、黄色、红色——构成了对立色理论的基本维度，被认为在各种语言中具有普遍性，并为构建颜色感知提供了有用的心理表征。然而，从神经生理学或低层次心理物理学角度来看，并没有关于它们的神经证据。通过探究更高层次的前语言感知水平，我们测试了独特色调在搜索任务中是否特别突出。我们发现独特色调相对于其非独特互补色并没有优势。然而，淡黄色目标比其互补的蓝色目标（包括独特蓝色）被检测得更快、更准确，且扫视次数更少，而红绿色对在显著性上没有显著差异。同样，灵长类动物V1区域的局部场电位对淡黄色刺激的反应比对蓝色刺激的反应具有更大的振幅和更短的潜伏期，而对红色刺激和绿色刺激的这种效应则较弱。因此，颜色显著性受早期神经反应不对称性的影响比受独特色调任何可能的心理或神经表征的影响更大。
