Willers C, Jansen van Rensburg P J, Claassens S
Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Centre for Human Metabonomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
J Appl Microbiol. 2015 Jun;118(6):1251-63. doi: 10.1111/jam.12798. Epub 2015 Apr 8.
The lipid composition of microbial communities can indicate their response to changes in the surrounding environment induced by anthropogenic practices, chemical contamination or climatic conditions. A considerable number of analytical techniques exist for the examination of microbial lipids. This article reviews a selection of methods available for environmental samples as applied for lipid extraction, fractionation, derivatization and quantification. The discussion focuses on the origin of the standard methods, the different modified versions developed for investigation of microbial lipids, as well as the advantages and limitations of each. Current modifications to standard methods show a number of improvements for each of the different steps associated with analysis. The advantages and disadvantages of lipid analysis compared to other popular techniques are clarified. Accordingly, the preferential utilization of signature lipid biomarker analysis in current research is considered. It is clear from recent literature that this technique stays relevant - mainly for the variety of microbial properties that can be determined in a single analysis.
微生物群落的脂质组成可以表明它们对由人为活动、化学污染或气候条件引起的周围环境变化的反应。存在大量用于检测微生物脂质的分析技术。本文综述了一系列适用于环境样品的脂质提取、分离、衍生化和定量方法。讨论的重点是标准方法的起源、为研究微生物脂质而开发的不同改进版本，以及每种方法的优缺点。当前对标准方法的改进在与分析相关的每个不同步骤上都有许多改进。阐明了脂质分析与其他常用技术相比的优缺点。因此，考虑了当前研究中特征脂质生物标志物分析的优先应用。从最近的文献中可以清楚地看出，这项技术仍然具有相关性——主要是因为可以在一次分析中确定多种微生物特性。
