Li Jing-Jing, Hu Xiao-Qin, Zhang Xin-Feng, Liu Jing-Jing, Cao Long-Shu
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2014 Nov;39(21):4246-51.
To reveal the quality variation of polysaccharides, triterpenoids and proteins in spores and fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum from producing areas, different varieties, harvesting parts and periods, and wall-breaking treatments.
Spores and fruiting bodies from varieties of Longzhi No. 1 and Hunong No. 1 were collected as test samples, together with wall-broken spores sold in domestic main producing areas. The anthrone-sulfuric acid colorimetric method was used to determine the content of total polysaccharides. The vanillin-glacial acetic acid-perchloric acid colorimetric method was used to determine the content of total triterpenoids. The Lowry method was used to determine the content of total proteins.
The content ranges of total polysaccharides, total triterpenoids, and total proteins from 6 domestic main producing areas were 0.40% - 2.25%, 1.36%-3.15% and 0.74% -1.91% respectively. The content ranges of total polysaccharides, triterpenoids, and proteins in the fruiting bodies from 2 varieties cultured in Zhejiang were 0.25% -1.42%, 0.44% -1.42% and 1.82% -3.67% respectively. In addition, the ranges of samples from wall-unbroken spores were 0.41% - 0.91%, 0.09% - 0.12%, 0.78% - 0.90% respectively and wall-broken spores are 1.03% - 2.25%, 1.89% - 3.15%, 0.96% - 1.04% respectively.
There are significant differences in the contents of main chemical ingredients of wall-broken G. lucidum spores saled in the markets. The samples from Zhejiang contain high content of total polysaccharides and triterpenoids, and samples from Fujian contains more proteins. Between the 2 major varieties cultured in Zhejiang, Longzhi No. 1 contains higher content of triterpenoids, but Hunong No. 1 has more polysaccharides. Contents of triterpenoids and polysaccharides from wall-broken spores are much higher than those of fruiting bodies. The stipes from fruiting bodies contains more polysaccharides than those of the pileus, while the triterpenoids contents are higher in the pileus than stipes. The pileus and stipes collected in the second year contain higher content of polysaccharides than the first year's samples, but the contents of triterpenoids are lower. Wall-breaking treatment would significantly improve the extraction and dissolution rate of total triterpenoids and polysaccharides.
揭示来自不同产地、品种、采收部位与时期以及破壁处理的灵芝孢子与子实体中多糖、三萜类化合物和蛋白质的质量差异。
收集灵芝品种龙芝1号和沪农1号的孢子与子实体作为测试样品，以及国内主要产地销售的破壁孢子。采用蒽酮 - 硫酸比色法测定总多糖含量。采用香草醛 - 冰醋酸 - 高氯酸比色法测定总三萜类化合物含量。采用Lowry法测定总蛋白质含量。
国内6个主要产地的总多糖、总三萜类化合物和总蛋白质含量范围分别为0.40% - 2.25%、1.36% - 3.15%和0.74% - 1.91%。浙江栽培的2个品种子实体中总多糖、三萜类化合物和蛋白质的含量范围分别为0.25% - 1.42%、0.44% - 1.42%和1.82% - 3.67%。此外，未破壁孢子样品的含量范围分别为0.41% - 0.91%、0.09% - 0.12%、0.78% - 0.90%，破壁孢子的含量范围分别为1.03% - 2.25%、1.89% - 3.15%、0.96% - 1.04%。
市场上销售的破壁灵芝孢子主要化学成分含量存在显著差异。浙江的样品总多糖和总三萜类化合物含量较高，福建的样品蛋白质含量较高。浙江栽培的2个主要品种中，龙芝1号三萜类化合物含量较高，但沪农1号多糖含量较高。破壁孢子的三萜类化合物和多糖含量远高于子实体。子实体的菌柄多糖含量高于菌盖，而菌盖的三萜类化合物含量高于菌柄。第二年采集的菌盖和菌柄多糖含量高于第一年的样品，但三萜类化合物含量较低。破壁处理可显著提高总三萜类化合物和多糖的提取率与溶出率。
