Fuller Christina H, Williams Paige L, Mittleman Murray A, Patton Allison P, Spengler John D, Brugge Doug
Division of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta.
Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
Ann Epidemiol. 2015 Jul;25(7):505-11. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2015.02.003. Epub 2015 Feb 12.
Previous studies have reported acute (hours-28 days) associations between ambient ultrafine particles (UFP; diameter <0.1) and biomarkers of cardiovascular health using central site data. We evaluated particle number concentration (a proxy measure for UFP) measured at a central site, a local near-highway site and predicted residential concentrations with response of biomarkers of inflammation and coagulation in a near-highway population.
Participants provided two blood samples for analysis of interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α receptor II, and fibrinogen. Mixed effect models were used to evaluate the association between PNC levels on the same day, prior 2 days, and moving averages of 3 to 28 days.
Estimated effects on biomarkers of a 5000 unit increase in central site PNC generally increased with longer averaging times for IL-6, hs-CRP, and fibrinogen. Effect estimates were highest for a 28-day moving average, with 91% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9, 230) higher IL-6 levels, 74% (95% CI: -7, 220) higher hs-CRP levels, and 59% (95% CI: -13, 130) higher fibrinogen levels. We observed no clear trend between near-highway or predicted residential PNC and any of the biomarkers.
Only central site PNC increased blood markers of inflammation while near-highway and predicted residential values did not. We cannot fully explain this result, although differing PNC composition is a possibility. Future studies would assist in understanding these findings.
以往研究利用中心站点数据报告了环境超细颗粒物（UFP；直径<0.1）与心血管健康生物标志物之间的急性（数小时至28天）关联。我们评估了在一个中心站点、一个靠近高速公路的本地站点测量的颗粒物数量浓度（UFP的替代指标）以及预测的居住浓度与靠近高速公路人群中炎症和凝血生物标志物反应之间的关系。
参与者提供两份血样，用于分析白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子-α受体II和纤维蛋白原。使用混合效应模型评估同一天、前两天以及3至28天移动平均值的PNC水平之间的关联。
中心站点PNC增加5000单位对生物标志物的估计影响，对于IL-6、hs-CRP和纤维蛋白原，通常随着平均时间延长而增加。对于28天移动平均值，效应估计值最高，IL-6水平升高91%（95%置信区间[CI]：9，230），hs-CRP水平升高74%（95%CI：-7，220），纤维蛋白原水平升高59%（95%CI：-13，130）。我们未观察到靠近高速公路或预测居住PNC与任何生物标志物之间有明显趋势。
只有中心站点PNC增加了炎症血液标志物，而靠近高速公路和预测居住值则没有。尽管PNC组成不同是一种可能性，但我们无法完全解释这一结果。未来的研究将有助于理解这些发现。
