Institute of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30302-3995, USA.
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2013 Sep-Oct;23(5):506-12. doi: 10.1038/jes.2012.116. Epub 2013 Jan 16.
Exposure to high levels of traffic-generated particles may pose risks to human health; however, limited measurement has been conducted at homes near highways. The purpose of this study was to characterize differences between indoor and outdoor particle number concentration (PNC) in homes near to and distant from a highway and to identify factors that may affect infiltration. We monitored indoor and outdoor PNC (6-3000 nm) for 1-3 weeks at 18 homes located <1500 m from Interstate-93 (I-93) in Somerville, MA (USA). Median hourly indoor and outdoor PNC pooled over all homes were 5.2 × 10(3) and 5.9 × 10(3) particles/cm(3), respectively; the median ratio of indoor-to-outdoor PNC was 0.95 (5(th)/95th percentile: 0.42/1.75). Homes <100 m from I-93 (n=4) had higher indoor and outdoor PNC compared with homes >1000 m away (n=3). In regression models, a 10% increase in outdoor PNC was associated with an approximately equal (10.8%) increase in indoor PNC. Wind speed and direction, temperature, time of day and weekday were also associated with indoor PNC. Average mean indoor PNC was lower for homes with air conditioners compared with homes without air conditioning. These results may have significance for estimating indoor, personal exposures to traffic-related air pollution.
暴露于高水平的交通相关颗粒物可能对人体健康构成风险，但对高速公路附近住宅的测量非常有限。本研究的目的是描述高速公路附近和远离高速公路的住宅内、外颗粒物数浓度（PNC）的差异，并确定可能影响渗透的因素。我们在马萨诸塞州萨默维尔的 18 户住宅中监测了靠近 I-93 州际公路（I-93）的 1-3 周的室内和室外 PNC（6-3000nm）。所有住宅的室内和室外 PNC （5(th)/95th 百分位数：0.42/1.75）的中位数比为 0.95。与距离 I-93 超过 1000m 的住宅（n=3）相比，距离 I-93 小于 100m 的住宅（n=4）的室内和室外 PNC 更高。在回归模型中，室外 PNC 增加 10%，室内 PNC 约增加 10.8%。风速和风向、温度、一天中的时间和工作日也与室内 PNC 有关。装有空调的住宅的平均室内 PNC 比没有空调的住宅低。这些结果可能对估计与交通相关的空气污染的室内和个人暴露有重要意义。
