Hudu S A, Harmal N S, Saeed M I, Alshrari A S, Malik Y A, Niazlin M T, Hassan R, Sekawi Z
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia,
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2015 Jul;34(7):1349-59. doi: 10.1007/s10096-015-2358-1. Epub 2015 Mar 20.
Hepatitis B virus surface mutants are of enormous importance because they are capable of escaping detection by serology and can infect both vaccinated and unvaccinated populations, thus putting the whole population at risk. This study aimed to detect and characterise hepatitis B-escaped mutants among blood donors and vaccinees. One thousand serum samples were collected for this study from blood donors and vaccinees. Hepatitis B surface antigen, antibodies and core antibodies were tested using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. DNA detection was performed via nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the S gene was sequenced and analysed using bioinformatics. Of the 1,000 samples that were screened, 5.5% (55/1,000) were found to be HBsAg-negative and anti-HBc- and HBV DNA-positive. All 55 isolates were found to belong to genotype B. Several mutations were found across all the sequences from synonymous and non-synonymous mutations, with the most nucleotide mutations occurring at position 342, where adenine was replaced by guanine, and cytosine at position 46 was replaced by adenine in 96.4% and 98% of the isolates, respectively. Mutation at position 16 of the amino acid sequence was found to be common to all the Malaysian isolates, with 85.7% of the mutations occurring outside the major hydrophilic region. This study revealed a prevalence of 5.5% for hepatitis B-escaped mutations among blood donors and vaccinated undergraduates, with the most common mutation being found at position 16, where glutamine was substituted with lysine.
乙肝病毒表面突变体极为重要，因为它们能够逃避血清学检测，并且可以感染已接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的人群，从而使整个人口都处于危险之中。本研究旨在检测和鉴定献血者和疫苗接种者中的乙肝逃逸突变体。本研究从献血者和疫苗接种者中收集了1000份血清样本。使用商业酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）试剂盒检测乙肝表面抗原、抗体和核心抗体。通过巢式聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行DNA检测，并使用生物信息学对S基因进行测序和分析。在筛查的1000份样本中，发现5.5%（55/1000）的样本HBsAg阴性、抗-HBc和HBV DNA阳性。所有55株分离株均属于B基因型。在所有序列中发现了几个同义突变和非同义突变，其中核苷酸突变最多的发生在342位，腺嘌呤被鸟嘌呤取代，在96.4%和98%的分离株中，46位的胞嘧啶分别被腺嘌呤取代。发现氨基酸序列16位的突变在所有马来西亚分离株中都很常见，85.7%的突变发生在主要亲水区之外。本研究显示，献血者和接种疫苗的大学生中乙肝逃逸突变的患病率为5.5%，最常见的突变发生在16位，谷氨酰胺被赖氨酸取代。
