Bibiloni Maria del Mar, Salas Rogelio, Novelo Hilda I, Villarreal Jesús Z, Sureda Antoni, Tur Josep A
Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands and CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Faculty of Public Health Nutrition, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico.
PLoS One. 2015 Mar 20;10(3):e0119877. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119877. eCollection 2015.
The increase in overweight and obese children may be linked to increased rates of dyslipidaemia. The aim was to assess the prevalence of dyslipidaemia and associated risk factors among the Northern Mexican child population.
Four hundred and fifty-one subjects aged between 2 and 10 (47.5% girls) took part in the Nuevo León State Survey of Nutrition and Health 2011-2012. According to the 2011 Expert Panel on Integrated Guidelines for Cardiovascular Health and Risk Reduction in Children and Adolescents, serum lipid levels (mg/dL) were categorized into three subgroups (acceptable, borderline-high/low or high/low) as follows: TChol: acceptable <170, borderline-high 170-199, high ≥200; LDL-chol: acceptable <110, borderline-high 110-129, high ≥130; non-HDL-chol: acceptable <120, borderline-high 120-144, high ≥145; HDL-chol: acceptable >45, borderline-low 40-45, low <40; and TG: acceptable <75, borderline-high 75-99, high ≥100 in ≤9 year-old children, and acceptable <90, borderline-high 90-129, and high ≥130 in 10 year-old children. The overall prevalence of borderline-high + high TG, non-HDL-chol, TChol, and LDL-chol was 63.0%, 44.1%, 43.5%, and 29.9%, respectively. The overall prevalence of borderline-low + low HDL-chol was 46.3%. The overall frequency of dyslipidaemia was 54.3%. Thirteen children (2.9%) had all five symptoms of dyslipidaemia. The most common dyslipidaemia was high TG in combination (26.2%) and in isolation (10.6%).
Half of the children had at least one abnormal lipid concentration. A high TG level was the most frequent dyslipidaemia. Obesity was associated with the occurrence of at least one abnormal lipid level. These findings emphasize the need to pay further attention to the prevention of cardiovascular disease and obesity from an early age.
超重和肥胖儿童数量的增加可能与血脂异常发生率的上升有关。本研究旨在评估墨西哥北部儿童人群中血脂异常的患病率及其相关危险因素。
451名年龄在2至10岁之间的受试者（47.5%为女孩）参与了2011 - 2012年新莱昂州营养与健康调查。根据2011年儿童和青少年心血管健康与风险降低综合指南专家小组的标准，血清脂质水平（mg/dL）被分为三个亚组（可接受、临界高/低或高/低），具体如下：总胆固醇（TChol）：可接受水平<170，临界高水平170 - 199，高水平≥200；低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL - chol）：可接受水平<110，临界高水平110 - 129，高水平≥130；非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（non - HDL - chol）：可接受水平<120，临界高水平120 - 144，高水平≥145；高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL - chol）：可接受水平>45，临界低水平40 - 45，低水平<40；甘油三酯（TG）：9岁及以下儿童，可接受水平<75, 临界高水平75 - 99，高水平≥100；10岁儿童，可接受水平<90，临界高水平90 - 129，高水平≥130。临界高 + 高TG、非HDL - chol、TChol和LDL - chol的总体患病率分别为63.0%、44.1%、43.5%和29.9%。临界低 + 低HDL - chol的总体患病率为46.3%。血脂异常的总体发生率为54.3%。13名儿童（2.9%）出现了所有五项血脂异常症状。最常见的血脂异常是合并高TG（26.2%）和单纯高TG（10.6%）。
一半的儿童至少有一种脂质浓度异常。高TG水平是最常见的血脂异常类型。肥胖与至少一种异常脂质水平的发生有关。这些发现强调了从幼年起就需要进一步关注心血管疾病和肥胖预防的必要性。
