Khadjesari Zarnie, Newbury-Birch Dorothy, Murray Elizabeth, Shenker Don, Marston Louise, Kaner Eileen
Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2015 Mar 23;10(3):e0121174. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121174. eCollection 2015.
Most hazardous and harmful drinkers are of working age and do not seek help with their drinking. Occupational health services are uniquely placed to universally screen employees across the range of socioeconomic and ethnic groups. The aim was to explore the feasibility and acceptability of offering electronic screening and brief intervention for alcohol misuse in the context of a health check in six different workplace settings.
Employees were recruited from six workplaces across England, including three local authorities, one university, one hospital and one petro-chemical company. A total of 1,254 (8%) employees completed the health check and received personalised feedback on their alcohol intake, alongside feedback on smoking, fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity. Most participants were female (65%) and of 'White British' ethnicity (94%), with a mean age of 43 years (SD 11). Participants were mostly in Intermediate occupations (58%), followed by Higher managerial / professional (39%) and Routine and manual occupations (2%). A quarter of participants (25%) were drinking at hazardous levels (33% male, 21% female), which decreased with age. Sixty-four percent (n=797) of participants completed online follow-up at three months. Most participants were supportive of workplaces offering employees an online health check (95%), their preferred format was online (91%) and many were confident of the confidentiality of their responses (60%). Whilst the feedback reminded most participants of things they already knew (75%), some were reportedly motivated to change their behaviour (13%).
Online health screening and personalised feedback appears feasible and acceptable, but challenges include low participation rates, potentially attracting 'worried well' employees rather than those at greatest health risk, and less acceptance of the approach among older employees and those from ethnic minority backgrounds and routine or manual occupations.
大多数有害饮酒者处于工作年龄，且不会寻求饮酒问题的帮助。职业健康服务机构处于独特地位，能够对社会经济和种族群体各异的员工进行普遍筛查。本研究旨在探讨在六种不同工作场所环境下的健康检查中，提供酒精滥用电子筛查和简短干预措施的可行性和可接受性。
从英格兰的六个工作场所招募员工，包括三个地方政府部门、一所大学、一家医院和一家石化公司。共有1254名（8%）员工完成了健康检查，并收到了关于其酒精摄入量的个性化反馈，以及关于吸烟、水果和蔬菜消费及身体活动的反馈。大多数参与者为女性（65%），属于“英国白人”种族（94%），平均年龄为43岁（标准差11）。参与者大多从事中级职业（58%），其次是高级管理/专业职业（39%）和常规及体力职业（2%）。四分之一的参与者（25%）饮酒量处于有害水平（男性为33%，女性为21%），且该比例随年龄增长而下降。64%（n = 797）的参与者在三个月时完成了在线随访。大多数参与者支持工作场所为员工提供在线健康检查（95%），他们更喜欢的形式是在线（91%），许多人对其回复的保密性有信心（60%）。虽然反馈提醒了大多数参与者他们已经知道的事情（75%），但据报道一些人因此有动力改变行为（13%）。
在线健康筛查和个性化反馈似乎是可行且可接受的，但挑战包括参与率低、可能吸引“健康焦虑”的员工而非健康风险最大的员工，以及老年员工、少数族裔背景员工和从事常规或体力职业的员工对该方法的接受度较低。
