den Ouden Dirk-Bart, Dickey Michael Walsh, Anderson Catherine, Christianson Kiel
a Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders , University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , USA.
b Communication Science and Disorders , VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System , Pittsburgh , PA , USA.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2016;69(5):926-49. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2015.1028416. Epub 2015 May 8.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate neural correlates of early-closure garden-path sentence processing and use of extrasyntactic information to resolve temporary syntactic ambiguities. Sixteen participants performed an auditory picture verification task on sentences presented with natural versus flat intonation. Stimuli included sentences in which the garden-path interpretation was plausible, implausible because of a late pragmatic cue, or implausible because of a semantic mismatch between an optionally transitive verb and the following noun. Natural sentence intonation was correlated with left-hemisphere temporal activation, but also with activation that suggests the allocation of more resources to interpretation when natural prosody is provided. Garden-path processing was associated with upregulation in bilateral inferior parietal and right-hemisphere dorsolateral prefrontal and inferior frontal cortex, while differences between the strength and type of plausibility cues were also reflected in activation patterns. Region of interest (ROI) analyses in regions associated with complex syntactic processing are consistent with a role for posterior temporal cortex supporting access to verb argument structure. Furthermore, ROI analyses within left-hemisphere inferior frontal gyrus suggest a division of labour, with the anterior-ventral part primarily involved in syntactic-semantic mismatch detection, the central part supporting structural reanalysis, and the posterior-dorsal part showing a general structural complexity effect.
功能磁共振成像（fMRI）被用于研究早期闭合的花园路径句子处理的神经关联，以及使用额外句法信息来解决临时句法歧义的情况。16名参与者对以自然语调与平调呈现的句子执行听觉图片验证任务。刺激材料包括花园路径解释合理的句子、由于后期语用线索而不合理的句子，或由于可选及物动词与后续名词之间的语义不匹配而不合理的句子。自然句子语调与左半球颞叶激活相关，但也与在提供自然韵律时为解释分配更多资源的激活相关。花园路径处理与双侧下顶叶、右半球背外侧前额叶和额下回皮质的上调相关，而合理性线索的强度和类型之间的差异也反映在激活模式中。在与复杂句法处理相关的区域进行的感兴趣区域（ROI）分析与颞叶后部皮质支持获取动词论元结构的作用一致。此外，左半球额下回内的ROI分析表明存在分工，前腹侧部分主要参与句法-语义不匹配检测，中央部分支持结构重新分析，后背部部分显示出一般的结构复杂性效应。
