Young Cara C, Dietrich Mary S
School of Nursing, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX.
J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs. 2015 Feb;28(1):35-42. doi: 10.1111/jcap.12102.
Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent and frequently comorbid mental health disorders that often manifest during childhood and adolescence. The purpose of this study was to prospectively examine potential common underlying mechanisms predicting the development of depressive and anxiety symptoms to identify mutual underlying modifiable risk factors to target with mental health promotion and prevention interventions.
A community-based sample of 11- to 15-year-old adolescents participated in a prospective, longitudinal pilot study with three waves of data collection over a 6-month period.
At baseline, stressful life events, worry, and rumination accounted for 35% of the variance in anxiety scores (adjusted R(2) = 0.28) and 58% of the variance in depressive symptoms (adjusted R(2) = 0.53), while at Time 3 (T3; 6 months post baseline) these variables accounted for 63% of the variance in anxiety scores (adjusted R(2) = 0.59) and 45% of the variance in depressive symptoms (adjusted R(2) = 0.39). After controlling for baseline values, increases in stress, worry, and rumination were predictive of both depressive and anxiety symptoms at T3.
Study findings point to the importance of prevention and early intervention programs including content addressing stress management, rumination, and worry.
抑郁和焦虑是高度普遍且经常共病的心理健康障碍，常在儿童期和青少年期出现。本研究的目的是前瞻性地研究预测抑郁和焦虑症状发展的潜在共同潜在机制，以确定可通过心理健康促进和预防干预来针对的共同潜在可改变风险因素。
一个以社区为基础的11至15岁青少年样本参与了一项前瞻性纵向试点研究，在6个月期间进行了三轮数据收集。
在基线时，应激性生活事件、担忧和沉思占焦虑得分方差的35%（调整后R² = 0.28）和抑郁症状方差的58%（调整后R² = 0.53），而在第3次随访（T3；基线后6个月）时，这些变量占焦虑得分方差的63%（调整后R² = 0.59）和抑郁症状方差的45%（调整后R² = 0.39）。在控制基线值后，应激、担忧和沉思的增加可预测T3时的抑郁和焦虑症状。
研究结果表明预防和早期干预项目的重要性，这些项目应包括应对压力管理、沉思和担忧的内容。
